Images
1 September 2012
Wish on a white horse.
White Horse Hill, Dragon Hill and Uffington Hill Fort
The Giant’s Stair, White Horse Hill. Monday 21st May 2012.
Yang out the horse’s tail.
On horse back...
Horse’s eye to Dragon Hill.
“His horsey head makes him sob for his mum”
From “Wiltshire archaeological and natural history magazine” 1874. One of the rear legs is show the opposite way to normal.
An aerial painting of the Uffington White Horse Hill with the hill fort in the background.
This painting was referenced from a beautiful black and white photo taken in 1974 by Dick and Jill Greenaway. It’s currently on display in the Wiltshire Heritage Museum.
Mons Albi Equi: Uffington White Horse Hill
Eccles Beorh:A view over Dragon Hill from the White Horse.
The Vale, Uffington White Horse. Oil on Board
Uffington White Horse from the tree house in Woolstone Mill garden.
A view looking over the Manger at Uffington White Horse
Large Oil Painting called The Dragon painted by the landscape artist Anna Dillon.
Looking out into the vale of the white horse
The Uffington White Horse looking into the manger
The Uffington White Horse as seen from Dragon Hill
Cover of English Settlement by XTC. The Swindon connection!
Stylistic landscape interpretation of the White Horse of Uffington with star constellations above, and some of the villages of the vale below. Good music too...
Portion of front cover of Murray’s Berkshire Architectural Guide. Pretty accurate representation.
White Horse, Dragon Hill and Uffington Camp.
Who says you can’t see it from the ground? You’re obviously not the opposing iron age tribe across the river. Tribal Emblem? Yes! Iron Age? No – older than that (there goes another theory!)
The White Horse Pub Sign at Woolstone. A cracking pub – lovely painting of the White Horse above the fireplace too.
part of cover for the book ‘The Chronicles of the White Horse’ by Peter Please.
That’s Waylands below the white horse.
Detail from the Berkshie Page of Lady Denman’s book.
Of note is the Uffington White Horse, being riden by St George with Windsor Castle in the background and the stag symbol of berkshire on the shield (or poss a connection with Herne the Hunter of old Windsor Forest?)
This one seems to have a full ‘belly’. Maybe its eaten St. George?
from the cover of ‘Soils of the Wantage and Abingdon District’ (Yes, it beats counting sheep, and yes, I do need to get out more)
A Berkshire Womens Institute of the Uffington White Horse being ridden by, I presume, St George (he of Dragon Hill fame). It looks hand painted on the book cover.
This one has ‘pointy ears’ and a smaller ‘beak’!
Artistic interpretation of the Uffington White Horse
Berkshire Archaeological Society logo
A clear B+W drawing of the beast of uffington.
An rather loose version of the Uffington White Horse from the cover of ‘Where Green Roads Meet’ by R Hippisley Cox.
Looking across the vale from the horse (dragon / cat / interstellar UFO guiding post etc). Note the un-metalled road. The chalk road meanders into the distance (and Uffington village). Circa late 1940’s.
A horse brass of the horse!
Low level aerial view of the Uffington White Horse and shows how the mid december sunlight hardly touches the figure at midday
‘Fields of magic at Uffington‘
watercolour painting (c) Jane Tomlinson, 2006
This view is very loosely based on looking along the Ridgeway towards Uffington Castle.
‘The horse’s head‘
watercolour
(c) Jane Tomlinson 2006
janetomlinson.com
Taken 12th September 2004: Looking down the horse’s back towards Dragon Hill and the vale.
White Horse Hill
pencil and watercolour by Jane Tomlinson (c) 2005
The Manger
watercolour painting by Jane Tomlinson (c) 2005
Uffington Down
watercolour painting by Jane Tomlinson (c) 2005
Taken from the 17:30 from Paddington
‘White Horse Hill’ a watercolour painting featuring the Manger, Dragon Hill and the White Horse
(c) Jane Tomlinson, 2004
Dragon Hill bottom left, the poppo and the ‘castle’ in their southern landscape. Idlebush Barrows are in distance, top right, but not visible. (They’re not THAT visible close up!!!)
A panoramic photo ‘stitch’ showing the Uffington White Horse & Castle, plus Dragon Hill. This image is very small due to the site’s width restriction, however you can view a larger version here: seanjohnson.net/stuff/uffington.htm
The horse does look a lot fatter, but otherwise is essentially the same as today. The illustration is from “The Green Roads of England” by R. Hippisley Cox, published in 1914 and re-issued in 1973 by Garnstone Press. The book contains many drawings and plans of hillforts etc and they are all very accurate. That suggests that this drawing of the White Horse is also reliable.
This is the earliest photograph of the white horse that I have seen. Although slightly damaged and blurry, you can still make out the chalk carving.
The 1776 image, and the modern reality... there seems to be a lot of equivalence when looked at this way. Does this suggest, for instance, that the modern “head” was originally the eye?
Drawing made in 1776
The Beast of Uffington. The text below reads:
In 871 a famous victory had been gained by Alfred at Reading, 4 days after King Ethelred and Alfred, his brother, fought against the whole army of Pagans at Ashdown, and it was in memory of this victory Alfred caused his men the day after the battle to cut out the White Horse, the standard of Hengist, on the hillside The name Hengist means in the ancient Saxon language “Stone Horse.” “See here the Pad of Good King Alfry. Sure never was so rare a Palfry ; Tho earth his Dam, his Sire a spade. No Painter e’er a finer made ; Not Wootton on his hunting pieces Can show one such a Tit as this is” – Philalethes Rusticus. Measured 355 feet nose to tail ; 120 feet ear to hoof, and may be seen on the GWR Down Line between Uffington and Shrivenham. Copyright Tomkins and Barrett Swindon.
Image of coin taken from historyforsale.co.uk/celticcoins.htm
(The more you look the more similarities there seem to be.... or is it chance?)
A white horse, yesterday.
...a bit of an aerial view...
Quite the most graceful thing I have ever seen!
The first view from the air!
Need a bigger lens & a clearer day....
I couldn’t resist putting this up.
Done by hand (not by me!). Two days old.
Hold on...the Big Brother tattooist is at the door...
Here’s an ‘imagined’ aerial view (using a tiny, scummy aerial photograph and OS maps to help!) of the entire range of beauty on display at Uffington: the Manger, Dragon Hill, the Ridgeway, the White Horse and the magnificent Uffington Castle hillfort. An eagle’s eye view!
handmade monoprint, tinted with watercolour
In this original watercolour painting, I was trying to express the whooshing feeling of speed that you get when you actually ride very fast through open fields and to imagine that the Uffington white horse was my mount....
Taken 11/8/2000. Note crop-circle beyond St. George’s Hill.
Part of the Uffington White Horse on a very misty morning – circa 1992
Philippine at the Uffington White Horse (september 7th, 1992), looking north across the Thames Valley.
10/08/02
Uffington White Horse, Oxfordshire – June 2001
Articles
Putting this up as news though the stunt has now vanished.....
A 3,000-YEAR-OLD hill carving of a horse now has a JOCKEY thanks to bookies Paddy Power.
Locals woke up to find the rider had been secretly added overnight to the Uffington White Horse in Oxfordshire to promote next week’s Cheltenham Festival.
The 110ft tall and 200ft wide temporary installation was pinned to the ground with tent pegs five feet from the original chalk marking to avoid causing damage.
The stunt is part of Paddy Power’s We Hear You campaign.
And the firm now hopes the Uffington Rider will become a site of pilgrimage for racing fans from all over the UK in the run-up to the festival.
A spokesman said: “Funnily enough, the idea for our Uffington Rider came from a tweet from one of our customers.
“He was responding to our We Hear You campaign asking if we had any mischief planned for Cheltenham in the wake of our giant Hollywood sign a few years ago.
“We simply couldn’t resist the challenge and needed to come up with something spectacular to measure up to the giant sign. I think we’ve achieved this.”
Paddy Power has made a donation to the National Trust, which maintains the Uffington White Horse.
Note; a spokesman for the National Trust says....
“This has been done without the knowledge of the National Trust and, as far as we can tell, without any Scheduled Monument Consent.”
Writing in the Observer today, Laura Cumming reports on the Watercolour exhibition now showing at Tate Britain and running until the 21 August.
The exhibition includes a watercolour of The Vale of the White Horse (circa 1939) by Eric Ravilious. Something, “...conjured entirely out of cross-hatchings, strokes, dabs and striations of faint colour, frail contour against pale line, with the white page breathing airily in between, is almost nothing, a see-through dream. But it is uniquely strange, starting in reality and ending in its own radiant elsewhere.”
More here – guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/2011/feb/20/watercolour-tate-britain-review-cumming
The Uffington White Horse has been caught up in an identity battle after it was suggested it could be a dog.
rest of article: bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-oxfordshire-11531634
The National Trust has been criticised for allowing Channel 4 to use an Oxfordshire landmark to promote a TV programme.
A team from Channel 4 spent several hours on Thursday daubing a giant eye -- the logo of the channel’s Big Brother series -- on a field behind the White Horse at Uffington.
Footage to market the next series was then filmed before the logo was removed the following day.
The National Trust, which owns the site, received £2,000 from Channel 4.
But an Oxford archeologist condemned the publicity stunt as cheap and tasteless.
Alan Hardy, senior project manager for Oxford Archaeology, said: “If you’d asked them to spray-paint something on Westminster Abbey they would probably say that would be offensive.
“To a lot of people, the White Horse is a near-sacred site.”
The White Horse warden for the National Trust, Dawn Cunningham-Clayton, said tests had been carried out to make sure the logo could be easily removed.
Alan McLaughlin, for Channel 4, said: “We have great respect for the site, and were sensitive to its cultural value.”
Last summer, the 3,000 year-old Bronze Age hill chalk carving was defaced, with a hunting image, by pro-hunting campaigners.
The White Horse has been defaced YET AGAIN....
One of Oxfordshire’s most famous landmarks – the Uffington White Horse has been defaced by Hunt activists.
A 19th century white horse hill figure in Yorkshire was also defaced.
Today’s Oxford Mail reports that a spokesperson from the Real Countryside Alliance says: ‘Some people in the country are getting very frustrated at the inaction. All we want is for ministers to take notice.
“Marches don’t seem to be doing any good, although it’s keeping the media focused on it.
The 374ft-long Bronze age image has had three white hounds and a rider added in biodegradable paint.
For more, see: news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2220725.stm
For my own part, I hope that the hounds of hell hunt down the miserable scumbags who think this is an acceptable way of getting their abhorant opinions in the press.
One of those sites which is better viewed from a distance rather than up close. Although you just HAVE to have a look when visiting the Hillfort! It was nice to note that people were observing the signs asking for people not to walk on the chalk. A long hot walk finished off with an ice cream in the car park next to the National Trust lorry!!
Charlie and I visited the white horse for the first time yesterday, and what a place! The views from just above the horse on the hill are breathtaking. We walked down past the horse looking at the chalk close up. The actual outline of the horse makes no sense at this close range, but it seems really well looked after and maintained. On reaching the bottom and climbing up to Dragon Hill the white horse figure takes on it’s full shape and the dramatic landscape all around adds to this viewing pleasure.
At the risk of sounding like an american tourist, the horse at Uffington wasn’t as big as I expected. Ok, it is quite big, but I imagined it was going to be much more chunky. Perhaps it has taken on a symbolic magnitude in my brain over the years. Or perhaps I couldn’t help comparing it to the fatter Westbury horse, which I know better, which sits above its own rippley valley in much the same way.
Whatever, this is just a fantastic spot. Sitting next to the horse you get the same kind of fresh-air-in-the-brain feeling you get looking over the sea. The figure is obviously positioned right at the point where the view opens up and you can see in a huge arc (not that the horse would be visible from the east side of it). I sat there with the skylarks trilling, swallows dive-bombing and the wind whistling through the wire fence (currently protecting the grass above the horse). It may be my overactive imagination but the model gliders seem to make a whinneying noise overhead.
It seems obvious to ask where the horse is facing – why is it positioned where it is? Looking directly out there are three wooded lumps in the middle distance of the landscape. I rather thought it was built to address these, but maybe it’s more general than that. I can’t quite work out what these lumps are – perhaps someone more familiar with the area knows.
When you sit by the horse you are naturally drawn to the flat-topped hill below you – Dragon Hill. This is a scheduled monument so I assume that means it was artificially levelled – or was it even artificially made, Silbury-like? I felt absolutely certain that when I reached it the horse would be plainly in view – but it wasn’t clear at all: just the back, hind legs and a snip of the head. It’s perched so high up on the slope. I suppose it’s reasonably clear from afar, but up close it’s not particularly obvious.
When you’re sitting on Dragon Hill you have an excellent view of the Manger, and the siting of the horse seems to make sense in terms of this weird valley – it’s on its back wall (not the flatter, steeper side wall which you’d think would make more sense was the Manger not there).
The Manger is certainly a singular place even without the horse. It has amazing undulating sides, a totally flat bottom and a narrow opening. Such a weird dry valley must surely have drawn speculation from our ancestors as to its origins or ‘purpose’. It’s certainly an ideal stabling spot for a gigantic horse! but as for a manger, even the Uffington horse couldn’t eat that much food.
The rippling sides of the manger are rough chalk grassland, but at its far end it is smoother, and on the other side of the road turns into woodland (containing springs). As I walked back up I noticed it is like a natural amphitheatre – the voices of people behind me were carrying a really long way. I liked it a lot here. I was feeling fed up and it made things seem right again.
The Uffington White Horse – 8.2.2004
It was about 12 years ago when I first visited this enigmatic hill figure. That day was very misty and I hadn’t had a chance to wander properly or visit Dragon Hill. This time I had a perfect view for miles and miles across the Oxfordshire countryside. And I got to go down to Dragon Hill, which is as amazingly flat topped and as out of place as I’d always envisaged it. I love the look of the escarpment from the hill, both up towards the horse, and across the side of the escarpment as it concertinas its way along to the west.
No-one seems to have done the obvious yet....(car centric) directions. A large (and free) National Trust car park exists just off the B4507, up the hill, opposite to the road to Woolstone. From the car park it’s a 600-700m walk to the Horse / Castle. I think a separate car park for people with disabilities exists closer to the Horse / Castle and is approached via the narrow road that starts opposite to the road to Uffington village and cuts Dragon Hill from The White Horse (hhmmmm!). This is all well signposted. Note – The B4507 lives up to it’s ranking in the B roads stakes. It’s a twisty, potholed, slightly narrow thing.
Released from the daily grind, due to a week’s leave in which I can potter and please myself, it was a real treat to visit the White Horse on a Tuesday lunchtime with very few people about. There was an added frission due to the spectacular weather, and there’s nothing I like more than being out in spectacular weather on a week day.
Even better was the fact that I was in the company of the exquisite Cheryl, an earth magicy babe of the first order. We walked up to the White Horse, watching several skylarks whizzing about and squeaking at each other, and then just stayed there for ages drinking in the atmosphere and view (which was unfortunately pretty hazy). The delightful Jane calls this place the ‘roof of Oxfordshire’ and she’s so right. It’s an amazing landscape, one that calls for some real meditation and absorption. And a very healing place, should you require it.
It was wonderful to feel the warm breeze blowing across one’s skin, listen to the black-faced sheep bleating continually, and just zone out. With shirt sleeves rolled right up, and Cheryl basking in the sun, could it really be March, I wondered?
I only noticed the trick whilst I was driving away, but I reckon that if you approach the hill from the right angle the horse/bull/dragon beast appears to spring out of Dragon Hill. As the animal is not fully visible from any other land point this is the best explanation for its siting and the carving of the minor hill away from the escarpment. Has anyone else noticed this effect?
I have to say that I absolutely love it atop the hill, and looking out over the patchwork beauty of Oxfordshire. It makes me feel so empowered. I can remember standing up there one day and I could taste the static in the air from the approaching storm and spots of water alighting against my skin...it was awesome!
Uffington is just the most enchanting and special place. If you get the chance to go, then do it. You will not regret it. It is quite simply MARVELLOUS!!!!!!
After 25 miles cycle ride (ok so we walked up the hill to Uffington) and still 15 miles from Avebury, what a great place to get a puncture and discover your wheel nuts are rusted solid, rendering puncture repair kit and spare tube useless. An hour of shearing slices of steel off the nuts with a useless spanner sat in the blazing sun within the confines of Uffington Castle, I momentarily lost interest in things Ancient. Returned following day in car, far more sensible and yes this is an awesome place. I don’t know why but I had always assumed the horse was on a South facing slope . Weird.
Welcome to the highest point in Oxfordshire at 801 feet above sea level – what an image to have carved on the roof of the county!
this is my favorite spot in England; something about the surrounding countryside viewed from the top of White Horse Hill; the trees and meadows take on a timeless quality. Sounds silly but I feel a part of something there. Looking down towards Long Compton on a clear day...magic. I love the walk along the Ridgeway to Waylands’ Smithy too.
I recently got the white horse tattooed on my back. :)
You can only see it from up here. No clarity to gain down there. What is it now? I cannot see. In the sky I need to be.
Wouldn’t this place be a great place to do your rock’n’roll! What a space! ! Go to other white horses near by Devizes way and compare the geological similarities. Like a big bowl of vibrational energies. As for the hill fort – what were they guarding? Treasure? Food? hmm -perhaps they weren’t really guarding anything after all. And the chalk mound where St George slew the dragon. hmm internal dragons? Looks a little like Silbury doesn’t it.
Twice I’ve been to the Uffington White Horse(wansdyke21.org.uk/wansdyke/wanvisit92.htm), and I will go back some more, I can tell you that! The steep valley below is called a coombe, and I’ve no doubt that there is a reason for Dragon Hill to be the best place to view it. Does that make the ‘Horse’ a dragon? Who knowns! That small hillock is dedicated to St Michael (who slew a dragon), so many say it does. Whatever, the site has everything for all kinds of theories. It’s on the Ridgeway, which may have been guarded by the hillfort. It may have been a border-marker of the Celtic Atrebates tribe. It may even have been a monument to King Alfred beating the Danes around here...
The views must have been the prime reason, though..
if you’re up there, you can’t see anything of the horse, but what you can see is what appears to be a massive spaceship landing bay!
In front of the horse, the hill opens up into a rather tasty womb-like half-valley thing. Rather extraordinary :-)
Is it a horse? A cat? A dragon? Man those people could draw! Various visits to the site have proved it to be a very special place, and one I feel strongly connected to. The “horse’ seems to be jumpimg up into the sky, or into the very steep valley adjacent to it- what ritual is this? It was a private one at least; you cant really see the horse until you’re right up on it. The best vantage point being Dragon hill opposite. Dont forget the hillfort on top of the hill!
The Scouring of the White Horse
Historian, Brian Edwards’ paper *’The Scouring of the White Horse’ – published in the 2005 WANHS magazine, has a section on the scouring of Uffington White Horse which proved of great interest. The Revels, a two day festival of rustic games, backswording, wrestling, sack races and pole climbing, was held as a precursor to the scouring. However, the last scouring and games to took place in 1857.
*Thomas Hughes (author of Tom Brown’s Schooldays) wrote a novel in 1859 called The Scouring of the White Horse.
The last chapter of Alfred Williams book Villages of the White Horse (first published 1913) is also about the about Uffington, the White Horse and the last games that took place in 1857. He too drew on Thomas Hughes’ original work for his information but although he says that nearly all who took part are now dead he managed to find an eye witness account in the person of Old William Reeves of Shrivenham who was by then nearly 90.
“Old William with his picturesque red woollen waistcoat, red knitted cuffs and head slightly inclined, is delighted to talk about the Revels, though he admits there was a little “blaggardness” sometimes, and sundry small accidents; as when, in the cart-horse race, a big mare stumbled and fell on her rider, killing him on the spot; and again after the pig hunt, how five competitors claimed the prize, and killed the poor pig in contending as to which should have it; and how thieves broke into the booths and carried off all the taking, and other suchlike happenings.”
Very descriptive and possibly clues as to why it was abandoned.
‘One great occasion in the Vale was the pastime accompanying the scouring of Uffington’s White Horse. It usually took place in Uffington Castle but occasionally moved to Kingston Lisle or Seven Barrows Farm...‘
From ‘Rural Life in the Vale of the White Horse’ by Nigel Hammond.
---
Interesting that the festival didn’t always take place at Uffington Castle:
The Kingston Lisle site must be because Mr Atkins owned the Estate there (and it’s reasonably close by, and must have had an inn or tavern).
Seven Barrows Farm (near the Lambourn Seven Barrows site) may have been in the area of the barrows, but after you’ve finished scouring, that’s a fair trek across the downs (you’d probably go past Rams Hill and head towards it that way). Did they get the payment in beer on the hill (and therefore wandered drunk over to Seven Barrows Farm) or when they arrived?
Epona
‘The Great Mare’, the goddess of a horse cult who is most likely to be identified with the Irish édáin echraidhe or macha and the welsh Rhiannon. As goddess of horses, she was of great importance within a horse-based culture such as that of the Celts. Her image appears on over 300 stones in Gaul, although rarely in Britain, and she is usually depicted riding side-saddle. In Romano-Celtic imagery she is constantly associated with corn, fruit and, strangely, serpents (my italics) – strangely because serpents are natural enemies of the horses. These associations led her also being considered a goddess of fertility and nourishment.
Extract from Celtic Myth and Legend by Mike-Dixon-Kennedy.
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A nice connection between a horse and a serpent? the white horse and dragon hill?
WF
extract from:
Exploring the Ridgeway by Alan Charles
‘... The cleaning of the horse (the scouring) was an important part of the open-air festivals that took place on the hill at intervals of seven years or so until 1857. These were great occasions for games, competitions, dancing, singing and drinking. It was reported that 30,000 people atened the festival in the year 1780. A local saying tells us that ‘while men sleep, the Horse climbs up the Hill’. This is not as outrageous as it sounds, for as the soil falls away from the upper edges and exposes more of the chalk, and the lower edges silt up and become colonized by grass, so the horse does indeed climb the hill!
“There seem to be few genuine traditions attached to the Horse, for its ‘traditional’ attribution to King Alfred is almost certainly due to Francis Wise in 1738 and is not mentioned by Baskerville or Defoe. But it is believed that if you make a wish standing on the Horse’s eye and turning round three times, your wish will come true. I was told of this by local inhabitants forty years ago.”
The Scouring of the White Horse
G. W. B. Huntingford
The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 87, No. 1. (Jan. – Jun., 1957), pp. 105-114.
THE BALLAD OF THE WHITE HORSE.
“The owld White Horse wants zettin’ to rights;
And the squire hev promised good cheer,
Zo we’ll gee un a scrape to kip ‘un in shape,
And a’ll last for many a year.
A was made a long, long time ago,
Wi’ a dale o’ labour and pains,
By King Alfred the Great when he spwiled their consate,
And caddled thay wosberds the Danes.
The Bleawin Stwun, in days gone by,
Wur King Arthur’s bugle harn,
And the tharnin tree you med plainly zee,
As is called King Alfred’s tharn.
There’ll be backsword play and climmin the powl,
And a race for a pig and a cheese;
And us thinks as hisn’s a dummel sowl
As dwoan’t care for zich spwoarts as these.”
from Thomas Hughes’s 1859 book ‘The Scouring of the White Horse’.
White Horse Hill, Berks, 1780.
The Scowering and Cleaning the White Horse is fixed for WHIT MONDAY, the 15th Day of May, on which Day, a SILVER CUP will be run for, near the White Horse Hill, by PONIES that never started for any Thing; and to be the actual Property of Persons belonging to the County of Berks; the best of three Two-Mile Heats. To start at Ten o’ Clock.
The same Time, A THILL HARNESS will be run for by Cart Horses, &c. in their Harness and Bells, the Carters to ride in Smock Frocks without Saddles. Crossing and jostling, but no Whipping allowed.
A FLITCH of BACON to be run for by ASSES.
A good HAT to be run for by MEN in SACKS; every Man to bring his own Sack.
A WAISTCOAT, 10s. 6d. Value, to be given to the Person who shall take a Bullet out of a Tub of Flour with his Mouth in the shortest Time.
Several CHEESES to be run for down the White Horse Manger.
SMOCKS to be run for by Ladies; the second-best of each Prize to be entitled to a Silk Hat.
CUDGEL-PLAYING for a GOLD-LACED HAT and a Pair of BUCKSKIN BREECHES, and WRESTLING for a Pair of SILVER BUCKLES and a Pair of PUMPS.
A JINGLING MATCH by eleven blindfolded Men, and One unmasked with Bells, for a Pair of BUCKSKIN BREECHES.
A GRINNING MATCH through a Horse’s Collar for Five Shillings.
An APPLE to be taken out of a Tub of Water for Five Shillings.
Riding down the Hill upon Horses Jaw Bones, for 2s 6d.
And sundry other Rural Amusements.
(The Horses to be on the Hill, and entered by Nine o’Clock. – No less than four Horses, &c. or Asses to start for any of the above Prizes.)
Oxford Journal, 13th May 1780.
After this manner our Horse is formed, on the side of an high and steep hill, facing the North west. His dimensions are extended over an acre of ground, or thereabouts: his Head, Neck, Body and Tail, consist of one white line; as does also each of his Four Legs. This is done by cutting a trench into the chalk, of about two or three feet deep, and about ten feet broad. The Chalk of the trench being of a brighter colour, than the turf which surrounds it, the rays of the afternoon’s Sun darting upon it makes the whole figure visible for ten or a dozen, nay fifteen miles, if I am rightly informed.
The Horse at first view is enough to raise the admiration of every curious spectator, being designed in so masterlike a manner, that it may defy the painter’s skill, to give a more exact description of that animal: which were it not so apparent, would hardly gain belief with an antiquary, who considers to how low an ebb the art of drawing was sunk at that time; as appears from the works of their best makers, the Saxon coins, and the jewel of King Alfred, described by Dr Hickes and others, and now preserved in the Museum at Oxford.
If we consider it further, we must otherwise allow, that no small skill in Opticks was requisite, both for the choice of the ground, and for disposing rude lines, as they appear to a person on the spot, in such a manner, as to form so beautiful a representation.
And again, if durability was intended, the ingenuity of the artist will appear still greater. For from its barren soil, and steep situation, it has nothing to fear from the inroads of the plough, the grazing of larger cattle, or the stagnation of waters; all of which contribute more or less to efface things of this sort.
When I saw it, the Head had suffered a little, and wanted reparation; and the extremities of his hinder legs from their unavoidable situation, have by the fall of rains been filled up in some measure with the washings of the upper parts; so that in the nearest view of him, the Tail, which does not suffer the same inconvenience, and has continued entire from the beginning, seems longer than his legs. The supplies which nature is continually affording, occasion the turf on the upper verge of his body, for want of continuity, to crumble, and fall off into the white trench, which in many years time produces small specks of turf, and not a little obscures the brightness of the Horse.
Though there is no danger from hence of the whole figure being obliterated; yet the neighbouring inhabitants have a custom of Scouring the Horse, as they call it; at which time a solemn festival is celebrated, and manlike games with prizes exhibited, which no doubt had their original in the Saxon times, in memory of the victory.
This falling of the turf into the trench is the reason likewise, why the country people erroneously imagine, that the Horse, since his first fabrication, has shifted his quarters, and is got higher upon the Hill, than formerly.
Francis Wise, who is convinced it’s all down to the Saxons (and unfairly rubbishes the latter’s drawing skills to compound his error), in ‘A letter to Dr Mead concerning some antiquities in Berkshire’ (1738).
Details of site on Pastscape
A chalk hill figure on White Horse Hill known as the ‘White Horse’. It is situated 160 metres north-east of Uffington Castle hillfort. The figure appears as the side view of a stylised horse with its head to the right, measuring 110 metres in length from tail to ear, and 40 metres high. The horse is visible from all over the valley floor on a clear day, and is maintained by the National Trust. The White Horse is known to have existed since at least the 12th century on place name evidence. The first documented maintenance of the horse dates to 1681, and subsequent restorations occurred at various intervals until the last recorded scouring funded by the landlord in 1892. Scouring took place every seven years from at least 1677, and involved stripping the discoloured and damaged surface, weeding, and trimming/replacing of the turf edges; it was then packed with a new layer of chalk. When this custom ended cleaning occurred only when the appearance became so poor it caused public comment. To what extent the repeated scourings affected the original design is unclear, although 19th century illustrations indicate some minor changes to the legs and head. The horse was camouflaged in 1940 to prevent German navigation by landmarks during World War II, and was last scoured between 1951 and 1953, at which time a small trench was excavated at the end of the nose. This revealed a series of layers of chalk, and indicated the nose had originally been longer. Geophysical survey and excavation in the 1990s showed some changes to the form and position of the horse. It was generally believed to be Iron Age in date on the basis of stylistic comparisons with images on Iron Age coinage, making it contemporary with the hillfort to the south. However, in 1995 Optical Stimulated Luminescence dating was used to date the figure to the Late Bronze Age or Early Iron Age, and was probably constructed between 1380 and 550 BC.
youtube.com/watch?v=xh1DES4zmjg
Video of GPS scale model of White Horse Hill being constructed.
“There seem to be few genuine traditions attached to the Horse, for its ‘traditional’ attribution to King Alfred is almost certainly due to Francis Wise in 1738 and is not mentioned by Baskerville or Defoe”
Can’t let that pass, the person who wrote it had obviously not read Jacquetta Hawkes on the subject or H.J.Massingham – two favourite books, if you want to read about the emotional love affair people have with their English countryside ;) look no further than early 20th century literature.
The scouring ceremony is first mentioned by Aubrey and the best early record dates from 1677 when Baskerville wrote;-
“Some that dwell hereabouts have an obligation upon their hands to repair and cleanse this Lande marke, or else in time it may turn green like the rest of the hill and be forgotten”
The Uffington White Horse sired nearly every other 18th century chalk horse in the district!
He holds within his image, the beautiful celtic curvilinear design to be found on the horse furnishings around this area, he can be called a Saxon horse because of association with King Alfred and white horses, and of course he belongs to St.George and his dragon. His various mythical and magical guises link him to gods and harvest ceremonies....
I wish I was on White Horse Hill
At the breaking of my day;
Along the sweet horse gallops I’d run.
And in the stars I’d play.
Where daisies fall, nightingales call
Little owls to play.
Oh I wish I was on White Horse Hill
At the breaking of the day.
Come crows come sheep come chalk hedgerows,
I’d fly the big green hill.
Come nights come snow come stars’ haloes,
I’d follow the greensand trail.
Where daisies fall, nightingales call
Little owls to play.
Oh I wish I was on White Horse Hill
At the breaking of my day.
The horse the pack the moon the track,
All travel the north wind road.
The Thames it flows, the man down he goes
Along his winter road,
Far down his winter road.
Where daisies fall, nightingales call
Little owls to play.
Oh I wish I was on White Horse Hill
At the breaking of my day.
Peter Please
From the first chapter of ‘Tom Brown’s Schooldays’ by Thomas Hughes (1857)
Right down below the White Horse is a curious deep and broad gully called “the Manger,” into one side of which the hills fall with a series of the most lovely sweeping curves, known as “the Giant’s Stairs.” They are not a bit like stairs, but I never saw anything like them anywhere else, with their short green turf, and tender bluebells, and gossamer and thistle-down gleaming in the sun and the sheep-paths running along their sides like ruled lines.
Online at Project Gutenburg
gutenberg.org/dirs/etext98/tbssd10.txt
This is a poem that fronts a book entitled ‘A School History of Berkshire’ by E A Greening Lambourn.
Old god of ancient worshippers,
Hoar guardian of the Vale,
Reveal the secrets of the years,
And to thy children’s eager ears
Unfold thy wondrous tale.
While yet the she-wolf’s litter played
On the seven hills of Rome,
I saw yon dimpled hollows made
With pick of stone and wooden spade,
To be the Flint-man’s home.
I watched the painting victim bound
On Wayland’s altar-stone,
The low-browed priesthood chanted round,
I saw the red blood soak the ground,
I heard the dying groan.
Look where the lines and circles there
Make patterns in the wheat:
Oh, that was a city, great and fair,
With temples tall and market-square,
And many a stately street.
Where wind-swept Ashdown stretches free
Above the laden plain,
I saw the Northmen break and flee,
Heard Alfred shout for victory,
And saw Earl Sidroc slain.
I heard the Gospel message given
Where village crosses stand;
Where wild beast-men had snarled and striven,
I saw the spires rise white to heaven,
Throughout a peaceful land.
Where Ock once ran through wild and waste,
By rush and reed and thorn,
I watched the jolly monks, moon-faced,
With shaven head and corded waist,
Bind up the rustling corn.
But yesterday I saw you claim
Your Father’s heritage;
The land that bears the English name,
The race that won the English fame,
I watch from age to age.
Old Watcher we are known to thee
As children of the breed:
We will not shame the ancient name
Nor fail the ancient creed.
E.A.G.L. (published 1908)
“The hill-figure of the horse at Uffington may represent Epona (Celtic God), who not unreasonably might be considered to be the tutelary duvinity of the neighboring hillfort”. Nora Chadwick, The Celts.
Under bright breezy blues and with galloping force
On an Oxfordshire hillside flies a great bright white horse
Embossed by the ancients, their chalky design
Marks their piece of England with tribal emblem equine
Follow the Ridgeway to see the white scar
Looming on the horizon, partly seen from afar
But to view it completely you must be airborne
In a plane or in spirit, above fields of corn
But why did they carve it on Oxfordshire’s roof
As easy to track as the print of a hoof?
It seems odd that to see it you must be aerial
Until you consider that once was sky burial
So for those who have died and whos spirits still fly
Perhaps its a reminder of life from the sky?
Or if you believed in the stars, moon and sun
Maybe its a prayer to the heavens to run?
Cut deep in the hillside gashed into the chalk
what if its a place to powwow and talk...
...to thank lost-gods for the bounty of earth
for the mystery of death and the beauty of birth?
And even today the horse draws the crowds
To wonder and marvel under low flying clouds
Whatever the season, autumnal or vernal
The white horse is on course for a gallop eternal
From my reading of ‘The White Horses of the West of England – With Notices of Some other Ancient Turf-Monuments’ by the Rev. W C Plenderleath MA. (1885?).
He mentions that the Great Western Railway passes the hill about 2 miles away, yet because the horse’s outline is very narrow and because you have to be at just the right angle to see it properly, “it would not easily be found by anyone who did not know exactly where to look for it.” I’ve noticed this myself from the train and thought it odd. Even in fine weather it’s quite difficult to make the horse out. Other contributions above comment on the less than obvious placing of the figure on the hill. Westbury horse, for example, is very obvious, and can be seen from miles and miles away (perhaps aided by the landmark of the smoke belching out of the cement works, who can say).
People trying to date hill figures understandably look to old documents to see if they’re mentioned. The Reverend has a very sensible word to say on the matter. Only one medieval document seems to allude to the horse “But this does not in the least throw doubt upon its existence at the time they wrote; for not only they, but the Saxon and Roman chroniclers as well are equally silent [about] Silbury Hill, the largest solid earthwork in Europe, which was indubitably in existence in their time, and close to which all travellers by the western high road must have passed.” Right on Rev! Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.
Incidentally, the medieval document it is mentioned in is a ‘cartulary’ of the abbey of Abingdon, written around the reign of Henry II. It’s about some monks and their inherited lands: “One of them, Godric, becoming possessed of Spersholt, near the place commonly known as the White Horse Hill” (locum qui vulgo mons albi equi nuncupatur).
The following made me smile too. Dr Francis Wise published a letter in 1738 putting forward the idea that the horse (the emblem of Hengist, which means stone horse) was carved in 871 to commemorate Alfred being victorious over the Danes at Ashford. Two years later a reply appeared by ‘Philalethes Rusticus’ entitled ‘The Impertinence and Imposture of Modern Antiquaries Displayed.‘
PR disputed that the carving even depicts a horse. And as for any significance of its colour:
“I may venture to hold [Dr Wise] a small wager, that should the Horse scape a scouring but two seven years more his Dapple would become a Green One, which would be a still greater Rarity for all true Lovers of Antiquity.”
Another theory about the horse derives from its strange ‘beak’. Some Celtic coins show horses and birds with a similar beak. In Taliesin’s medieval (?) poems the horses of Ceridwen are sometimes referred to as ‘hen-headed steeds’. Ceridwen is said to have assumed the form of a white mare, and was also known as the ‘high crested hen’. Hence the suggestion that the Uffington horse could be a representation of Ceridwen??
White Horse (Shamanic journey)
The wind was blowing
My eyes were sore
The rain ran down my face
My mind was moving
Above the Earth
Below the sky
The path before me
I kept on moving
(chorus)
Take a look and you may see – exactly what you need to see
Take a walk and you may be – exactly where you need to be
Didn’t know where I was
Didn’t know what was real
The sun was going down
the colours were shifting
Below the Earth
Above the sky
The path before me
I kept on moving
(chorous)
The sun burst through the clouds and I
Saw her standing there
I was frigtened and confused as she stood at ease and stared
She didn’t talk she didn’t move
She seemed to call my name
I looked into her eyes and
I knew we were the same
(Chorous)
copyright 2002 mindweed written near uffington white horse
“Carved into the chalk of a hillside in southern England, the Uffington White Horse is utterly unique. Stretching 360 feet from head to tail, it is the only prehistoric geoglyph—a large-scale design created using elements of the natural landscape—known in Europe. “There’s just nothing like it,” says University of Southampton archaeologist Joshua Pollard, who points to the Nazca lines in Peru as the closest parallel. Pollard says that because the site is so anomalous, researchers have resisted grappling with its distinct nature. As a consequence, few new interpretations of the site have been advanced since the early twentieth century. “Archaeologists are tripped up by things that are unique,” says Pollard, “and the White Horse has thrown us.” But now, after making a close study of the site and its relationship to the landscape around it, Pollard has developed a theory that connects the Uffington Horse with an ancient mythological tradition ...”
Poems and illustrations by Giles Watson
Very nice aerial video of Uffington White Horse and Hill Fort.
from David Nash Ford’s ‘Royal Berkshire History’ website. Article on the dating of the white horse with many pictures.
A video clip of the Big Brother advert with the eye logo (posted by Chichclock). Though in light of the trampling at the Long Man in aid of Television, this almost seems tame now?
A strange mirror-image copy of the UWH in El Paso, Mexico. With a little lizard in the corner.
No indication of the it’s age though. (Modern one would assume...)
Courtesy of Oxford University, a book containing lots of earlyish discussion on the horse. It includes
‘A letter to Dr. Mead concerning some antiquities in Berkshire’ by Francis Wise (1738)
and A refutation of said letter, called ‘The Impertinence and Imposture of Modern Antiquaries Displayed’.
Chesterton’s The Ballad of The White Horse is a lengthy read.
Here’s a snippet from Book VII The Scouring of the Horse:
And all the while on White Horse Hill
The horse lay long and wan,
The turf crawled and the fungus crept,
And the little sorrel, while all men slept,
Unwrought the work of man.
With velvet finger, velvet foot,
The fierce soft mosses thenCrept on the large white commonweal
All folk had striven to strip and peel,
And the grass, like a great green witch’s wheel,
Unwound the toils of men.
A pencil /watercolour called ‘The Vale of the White Horse’ (circa 1939), by Eric Ravilious.
Uffington White Horse and its Landscape
Investigations at White Horse Hill Uffington, 1989-95 and Tower Hill Ashbury, 1993-4.
by D Miles, S Palmer, G Lock, C Gosden and A M Cromarty
Oxford Archaeology Thames Valley Landscapes Monograph 18 (2003)
ISBN 0947816771
£24.95
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