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It’s a bovine, ovine, equine world — Dartmoor

12 July 2010. Back from our Cornwall trip, it's only a couple of weeks before work calls me south-west again, to Plymouth. This is a good excuse to go down a day early and have a mooch around on Dartmoor. Burl's "Stone Circles" lists a load of circles all within three of four miles of Yelverton, a short bus ride north of Plymouth. This presents a (decidedly ambitious) plan involving Down Tor, Yellowmead, Drizzlecombe, Ringmoor, Brisworthy and Trowlesworthy – as it will turn out, another case of ambition over practicality.

The portents are unpromising, as heavy rain blots out the landscape passing the bus windows. But it fizzles away at pretty much the exact moment we reach Yelverton, giving me the chance to have a quick look around before setting off to the moors. Yelverton is a very pleasant village, with a good range of shops to stock up on rations, etc. From here my route takes me first northeast, parallel with the line of the railway that used to go to Princetown in the heart of the moor, but which didn't even survive long enough for Dr Beeching to close it down. A shame, as this must have been one of England's most scenic rail routes (weather permitting). I pass the piers of the old railway bridge near Lake, before starting the slow climb up onto Yennadon Down. From here there are extensive views, with nearby Sheepstor dominating the skyline to the east. I also come across the first of many granite posts engraved "PCWW 1917", which I later find out relate to the catchment area of the nearby Burrator Reservoir. The road descends into shady, fern-filled woods, running next to a leat and passing a medieval cross shaft at Cross Gate. I drop down to Norsworthy Bridge, and the start of the moors walk proper. It's a popular spot, with plenty of cars, cyclists and dog walkers about.

From the bridge, a path heads eastwards, climbing up to the rocky outcropping of Down Tor. The jagged bulk of Sharpitor comes into view to the northwest as I start to climb out of the trees. Looking back, Burrator Reservoir nestles amongst the trees, overshadowed by Sheepstor, while northwards is North Hessary Tor, with its 600 ft transmitter mast. A large cairn is visible on Raddick Hill. It's a terrific landscape opening out before me, an empty space cleared by man but obviously ruled by nature.

Down Tor

Once I climb down from the top of Down Tor itself, I'm expecting to see the first of today's sites. After all, it's a very well-preserved circle, together with a 350m long row and a terminal stone standing nearly 3m tall. In fact, there's no sign of it until I head further east. Suddenly I'm over a small crest and practically on top of this megalithic wonder. What a beauty this is! The circle itself is lovely, 12m across and surrounding the remains of a damaged but recognisable central cairn. Another cairn sits a few yards away to the northwest. This really is a terrific site, aided by the splendid isolation I get here today.

And then there's the row. It extends away to the northeast, heading further into Dartmoor's magnificent empty space. Clouds race past, drawn towards a convergence over the horizon. At the southwestern end, next to but separate from the circle, the row terminates in a huge upright monolith, almost 3m tall and very thick – it weighs about three tons. Seen from this end, the row appears pretty much straight (which it is). It leads uphill towards another cairn, as well as a small prehistoric enclosure. By the time I reach the northeastern terminal stone, the row appears to curve away back to the cairn circle. This is actually an optical illusion, caused by the gently sloping contours that the row crosses. This weird "not curve" further enhances what is undoubtedly one of the best sites I've been to. I still struggle rather with Dartmoor chronology and don't really know whether the row post-dates the large-scale clearances carried out during the Bronze Age. It's hard though to imagine creating such a wonderfully designed monument in the middle of trees, where the form could not be easily appreciated.

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A large cairn lies to the southeast of the enclosure, almost 20m across but fairly low now. It almost aligns with the magnificent row to the southwest, but not exactly.

From here I head east, across pathless, tussocky grass, boggy in places. The ground slopes upwards to a long ridge, on which sporadic boundary stones can be seen. A school party, probably Duke of Edinburgh-awarding, are the first people I've seen since Norsworthy. They're debating their location and, it turns out, are further away from their destination than they thought. Still, no doubt they'll look back on this as "character building". Ha.

Eylesbarrow

At the highest point of the hill, the southern end of the ridge, are two large cairns. The northern cairn is an impressive 20m across. A Bronze Age reave heads WSW down the hill directly from it. But the southern cairn, the Eylesbarrow itself, is bigger still. Another of the reservoir catchment markers stands between the two cairns, on a windswept spot that will be the highest point of my walk today. Without hanging around very long, I follow the reave down the hill.

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At this point, my intention had been to head down to Yellowmead. However, although this seemed a small detour when looking at the map in the comfort of the train this morning, it now looks a diversion too far, when Drizzlecombe is beckoning so close at hand. I file Yellowmead away for a future trip, and make my way off the hill to the ruins of the old Eylesbarrow tin mine. A metalled bridleway now makes for a quicker pace, until I reach the Drizzle Combe itself, where a slightly soggy crossing takes me on to the slope above the megalithic complex.

Drizzlecombe Megalithic Complex

The ground slopes away to the valley of the nascent River Plym. Between my vantage point and there, an incredible array of monuments and animals is laid out. Cows, sheep and horses fill the space, interspersed with very large upright stones dotted here and there. I've found the rows, at any rate.

But the ground above the "ritual" complex is itself packed with archaeology. Settlement enclosures, round houses and cairns vie for position. One of the first cairns I come across (cairn 15) has some unusual upright stones in its mound, which appear to be in-situ. It's right next to a hut circle. As ever, I don't have the knowledge to really understand the phases of what I'm looking at, which came first and whether the living were sharing their space so closely with the dead. One cairn, much bigger than the rest (cairn 18), is a good spot to view the rest of the site below.

From atop the cairn, the layout of the rows becomes clear, together with their proximity to the even larger Giant's Basin cairn. Three large terminal stones are readily visible, as are three cairn circles in a line at the northeast of the rows. A large herd of cows and another of horses are clustered around the tallest of the terminal stones and other cows and sheep are busy grazing across the site. There are no people to be seen and I get the impression of being an intruder into this primal space.

But the sun is shining and I've travelled a long way to come here, so I'm going to carry on intruding for a while longer yet. The NW of the three cairn circles doesn't have a row of its own, although a low outlier some way to the southwest (which I don't try to find in the bracken today) may indicate an intention that it was to have. This cairn is surrounded by a couple of rings of small slabs, suggesting a complex constructional method.

The central cairn circle has a more obvious outer ring of uprights, and is at the northeastern end of one of the three stone rows that form the complex. The centre of the cairn exhibits the usual central doughnut of excavation. A walk along the row ends in the first (and smallest) of the three enormous terminal stones. This one is a tapering slab, 2.3m high, placed edge on to the row and leaning slightly.

I head towards the southwestern row's terminal stone, but a group of bullocks are getting increasingly lairy around it (once they start trying to shag each other, it's time to back away). So instead I cut across to the Giant's Basin cairn. I do get a good look along the southwest row though, worth noting particularly as it's a double row for part of its length. At its northeastern end is another cairn circle. The slabs at this end of the row have fallen and lie prostrate near the cairn. In addition, there is a small cist between the cairn circle and the Giant's Basin cairn – talk about packed with archaeology! Row 2, well-seen from the Giant's Basin, ends in the largest of the three terminal stones. At over 4m tall, this is the tallest standing stone on Dartmoor. Today, four-legged acolytes, cows and horses, surround it. I don't get too close for fear of upsetting a ceremony of sorts. Its row is the shortest of the three and also ends in a cairn circle, another decent mound surrounded by an incomplete ring of slabs.

I'm awestruck by this amazing place. The primal energies of the animals seem to do it justice and once again I'm filled with the sense that I'm a passer-by, a temporary presence in an ageless space. The bullocks have gradually headed along the southwestern row now, so I skirt their proceedings and make for the now-vacated south-west terminal stone. It's a lovely symmetrical, tapering 3m slab, again facing edge-on to the row.

What a place. I finally leave the complex, heading towards Ditsworthy Warren. I hope to come here again, this is a site to treasure.

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The last blue sky of the day hangs over Drizzlecombe as I look back over the complex from the hillside to the southwest. Ditsworthy Warren House is in the process of being renovated, and I manage to lose the footpath amongst the new access here, ending up heading across fields towards Legis Tor before I realise my mistake. During these few minutes of blundering, a storm front has snuck up on me from the west, and I'm in for a soaking. I'm getting towards Ringmoor Down when it hits. Within seconds the rain turns heavy – too late to don waterproof trousers. Rather forlornly I take shelter behind a gorse bush (all of a metre tall) and ponder my next move in the hope that this will pass. It becomes obvious that it won't, as the hills in all directions disappear. The ridge of Ringmoor lies ahead of me and I can already make out the stones of the cairn circle, so I head off into the rain.

Ringmoor Cairn Circle and Stone Row

There's something quite satisfying about squelching across sodden moors in the pouring rain. Once you've accepted you're going to get wet, there's no shelter and no short-cut, a sense of purpose kicks in. So with this feeling, I reach the northern end of Ringmoor Down stone row. After the wonders of Drizzlecombe, the tiny terminal stone is surprising, but it shares with Drizzlecombe Row 1 a partial double section (which may not actually be authentic here). Taking pictures is difficult, as the lens gets wet every time I point the camera anywhere but downwards. Eventually I get up to the cairn circle, by which time the rain has got even heavier. This is actually a great little cairn circle, with decently spaced uprights (one of which looks rather as if it might be upside down). The central cairn is badly reduced. I could imagine spending a lot longer here, if it weren't so wet. Instead I squelch onwards.

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As I head downhill, a farmer's truck cuts across the field in front me, on his way to drop off food – more cows and horses abound. With my hood pulled up and cap peak pulled down, I probably look a picture of misery. Actually, I don't feel it. And just as well, because what will now be the last site of the day is before me.

Trowlesworthy Warren is just across the valley, but messing about in the rain has put the bus timetable firmly against me. So instead I make my way back to Yelverton, by now a bit of a trudge for heavy legs. Still, it's been an fantastic trip out and there's so much more to come back for. Even if I am only an intruder into the four-legged kingdom.

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