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[quote="ryaner
Have to admit to sharing your mystification over what bullauns are and yes, this one, called a bullaun on archaeology.ie, is very suspicious. Were it a millstone, would the hole go right through? This doesn't. Also, the stone is an earthfast boulder, more square than round. A cross-base? Maybe, maybe not. The tall stone in this shot is a cross-base. Scalp looks more like this, a hole carved by army sappers to erect a flagpole.
So no, I'm not sure. Then again, I'm not sure why I bother trudging through muddy fields hunting out stones in the first place! :-)[/quote]


So...does anybody know what a bullaun is?

With regards to the millstone idea...it may have been who ever was carving it gave up before the job was finished..there may be a fault in the stone. As for cross bases..there is one on the moor near the Cheeswring here in sunny! Cornwall..not sure why it was left there but it has been identified as such. I know of another on the north of Bodmin Moor. They are just roundinsh stones with a hole cut in the middle.

How you identify which is which I am not the person to ask...

Mr H

and just to throw even more confusion on the subject...on the moor between Minions and the Cheeswring there are two stones with holes in the centre that are where a central post was positioned for a capstan to wind things up and down the mineshafts...they look just like the stone in the photo!

Mr H

Mr Hamhead wrote:
So...does anybody know what a bullaun is?
Yes. It's a hollow in a stone, usually hemispherical and artificial or at least enhanced. However, several perfectly natural solution pits in limestone boulders have been used in the same way as artificial bullauns, so it's a bit blurred.

It's more about the rites associated with the stone than the nature of the stone itself if you see what I mean. If it's been used as a bullaun stone then it's a bullaun stone.

Mr Hamhead wrote:
So...does anybody know what a bullaun is?
This might help a little:

In Irish the term bullán means a 'bowl or a round hollow in a stone' (Dineen 1927). The anglicised term 'bullaun' has been adopted to refer to artificial basins or hollows in rocks, boulders or small stones. The stones are usually unworked, except for the basin, and they vary in size from small and easily portable to large, earthfast boulders. The hollows are usually circular and the profiles vary from very gently sloping to vertical and flat-bottomed. Though most bullaun stones contain only a single basin, double and multiple bullauns are also known. Examples of the latter type can be seen at Grove and Kilmakeldar. Circular hollows are also a feature of Bronze Age rock art but these are usually distinguished by their smaller size and by their association with other motifs.
Several suggestions have been put forward as to the purpose of bullaun stones. The majority of the known examples are found on sites with early ecclesiastical associations and they are commonly referred to as fonts. By the 11th and 12th centuries AD, legends had already become attached to some stones (Price 1959, 161-88). and in local folklore some are explained as Saints' knee-prints or pillows, and water in some is thought to have curative powers. The Keelers/Na Beistí, at Kilmakeldar, is associated with the legendary Glas Ghaibhneach, a miraculous cow who provided an unfailing supply of milk. Cloghnagalt is traditionally the repository for milk and food provided for the mad people who came to Gleann na nGealt to be cured. However, it is likely that the original purpose of bullauns was of a more practical nature, as mortars for crushing and grinding various foodstuffs such as herbs, roots and cereals (Price 1959; Hughes and Hamlin 1977, 99-100). Similar stone basins were used until recently for pounding barley, furze and other foodstuffs. Bullaun stones may also have been used for grinding metal ores.

from Corca Dhuibhne - Dingle Peninsula Archaeological Survey Oidreacht Chorca Dhuibhne, 1986