Details of barrows on Pastscape
SU 40623705: Tumulus Not listed in Grinsell’s “Hampshire Barrows” (P Hants FC 14 1938-40). (1)
Twin bowl barrows, damaged by ploughing, and now visible as a mound of hour-glass plan measuring some 32.0m NW – SE by some 26.0m transversely, and up to 1.7m in height. The ditch has been destroyed but shows as a bank of loam.
RAF AP 23052 shows the character quite clearly. Surveyed at 1:2500 (See Illustration card SU 43 NW 6).
Details of barrows on Pastscape
(’A’ SU43643818 ‘B’ SU43673828) Tumuli (OE) (1)
‘A’ – A bowl barrow, 30 paces in diameter and 3 feet high.
‘B’ – A bowl barrow, 30 paces in diameter and 4 feet high with the suggestion of a ditch. (2)
‘A’ – A bowl barrow, 27.0m. in average and 1.2m. high. A slight depression on the NE probably indicates the former ditch, visible on AP 5529/34/95.
‘B’ – A bowl barrow, 28.0m. in average diameter and 1.4m. high.The ditch can be seen as an unsurveyable depression. Ploughing has formed the effect of a ‘berm’ 02.0m. wide on the E and W. Both barrows are in an arable field, now under stubble, on a slight NE slope.
Details of barrow on Pastscape
A tumulus, called Windmill Hill, near Tournerbury Wood, was dug by Mr McEwen, Richmond House, Hayling. He found a `pebble pavement’ 5’ 10” below the surface covered by a layer of ashes, with hollowed tree-trunk burnt or decayed, laying on the same level. Other finds included flint chippings, scrapers, imperfect arrowheads, potsherds (some glazed) and iron nails.
Cruciform foundations indicated the burnt remains of a Md.windmill, which had been placed on an ancient tumulus.
It is not mentioned in Grinsell’s comprehensive account of Hampshire barrows. Trigg (3) states that, c. 1862, a labourer in drain-digging had found a quantity of pottery under the surface of the mound-described as `Saxon sacrificial vessels’. (The tree-trunk find suggests a tree-trunk coffin burial; the `pebble pavement’ is a feature of barrows on the Isle of Wight). (1-3) SU 7323 0059 A mound c.30.0 m in diameter, and 0.7 m high, with no visible ditch, under crop. In a prominent position overlooking Chichester Harbour. This is about 700m N of Tournerbury Wood and is the only feature in its vicinity which
could be descirbed as a `Tumulus’.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
[SU 4893 4247] A long barrow, situated in the angle between the Andover to Basingstoke road and the track to Cranbourne Wood, has a mound 210 ft long and 100 ft wide. It is 4 ft high at the east end and is under grass. Found by Mr. Grinsell in September 1938. A long barrow, orientated 133o Mag., 69.0m. long from its SE end to the field fence, 32.0m. wide, and 1.2m. high at the SE end. The northern flank ditch is 7.0m. wide and 0.2m. deep; the ditch is visible on the south, buit not surveyable. On A.Ps. CPE/UK/1873/3009-10 the ditch appears to go round the SE end. The barrow, under grass, is on high ground at the end of a spur. (3)
Details of barrow on Pastscape
A bowl barrow situated on the crest of a low chalk ridge running in an east-west direction across Southley Farm. It commands a prominent position overlooking lower lying ground to the north, south and west. The barrow, known as Abra Barrow, is roughly circular and includes a central mound, about 1.8 metres high enclosed to the south east by an infilled ditch, up to 0.15 metres deep. The barrow has been spread and clipped by ploughing, and by the construction of farm lanes around the base, to give it a squared off appearance. Aerial photographs indicate that the infilled ditch continues around the barrow on the south and east sides. A round barrow situated beneath the hedgerow 50 metres to the south has been levelled, while a ring ditch, indicated by aerial photography 100 metres to the south east, remains fairly visible as a cropmark. Scheduled.
Details of camp on Pastscape
(Area: SU 61355290) Winklebury (Camp) (NR). A much mutilated plateau fort. Where preserved, the bank is 6 feet high, the ditch 40 feet wide and 14 feet deep. No entrances are visible. Samian and “various undetermined local finds” are reported.
EIA’A’ sherds and the base of a deer antler were found by Mrs. Piggott in 1937 during the widening of an entrance cut in the bank of Winklebury. Mrs. Piggott’s finds were made at SU 61315275. The pottery is in Basingstoke Museum. C.H.Read and R.A. Smith found IA sherds and animal bones at Winklebury in the early 1900s.
An IA’A’ plateau-type hill fort, mutilated by ploughing and housing development respectively. The inner slope of the bank is almost ploughed out, a short fragment on the S. is all that remains; the ditch is visible only as a slight depression for much of its length. No original entrances were identified. Sherds found by a Mrs. Winter in the garden of Summerville on the W. side of the work, at SU 61175289, are similar to the 1937 finds displayed at Basingstoke Museum.
Excavations carried out by R. Robertson-Mackay for the M.O.W. revealed a complex defence sequence dating from about the 4th c. to the 1st c. B.C. A close set palisade had later been covered by a rampart and then subsequently enlarged. The ditch yielded evidence of four periods. No major change but housing development has further encroached upon the earthwork along the E side.
Excavation of about 2.0 ha. of the western half of the interior of the hill-fort revealed Iron Age occupation in the form of pits, post-holes, gullies and pottery. The pottery indicated two phases of occupation, the first probably about 6th to 5th century B.C., the second late 2nd century to early 1st century B.C. Structures associated with the first phase included four post-built houses and ten pits, with the second phase semi-circular gullies, many more pits and a large enclosure of at least 4,500 sq.m.
In the first phase the fort was a univallate defended settlement with a single irregular ditch and timber-framed rampart. In the second phase the rampart was modified to a sloping glacis bank with a V-shaped ditch. There was probably a period of abandonment between the two phases.
Details of barrow on Pastscape
‘Windmill Barrow’, SU 3113 4699, (4) excavated 1911 by the Rev. R.M.Heanley & Mr. Ernest East who found it to be a ditched bowl barrow later utilised as a mill mound (the cruciform sleeper trenches of this being clearly visible).
Material from the body of the mound covered the periods BA, RO, PR, PN and included a bone needle, a stone chisel, an iron spearhead, a Saxon knife, much Md. pottery and a coin of Gratian, but the excavators also thought that they detected a primary burial and 7 secondaries although Crawford & Williams-Freeman make light of this aspect & ignore it. (1-4)
SU 3115 4699: Bowl Barrow, 32.0m. in diameter by 0.6m. in height.
Details of barrow on Pastscape
(SU 42845449) Tumulus Long Barrow. Mutilated by chalk pit.
A long barrow, mound 80 paces long, 20 paces wide and 6 feet high (1).Shown and described as a long barrow (2). (1-6)
A long barrow, 74.5m. long and with an average width of 22.5m. The higher NE end is 2.6m. high and the barrow is orientated 86o Mag. No indication of flank ditches was seen, the west side having a fieldpath along it and the east a hedgerow. On the west side the mound is mutilated by two chalk pits, now overgrown.
The barrow, covered in long grass, is preserved at the edge of an arable field. It is situated on the SW slope, c 400 yards from the crest, of a spur.Listed as a long barrow and noted as being fairly well-preserved. Part of the north-west ditch has been located by geophysical survey.
Details of site on Pastscape
(Area centred at SZ 7315 9986) Tourner Bury (OE) Moat (OE) Tunorbury or Tournorbury is situated within 100 yards of the shore, the ground all round being flat and on the N and S marshy. The bank and ditch enclose a circular area of 8 1/2 acres. The bank is 4 feet above ground level and 10 feet above the ditch, which is wet except on the W where it is marshy. There is no entrance except that of the modern road. Excavations have been made but nothing dateable found. There is a slight bank on the counterscarp. No evidence is known for the earth work being as alleged, Saxon or Danish, and from its form, size and profile one would certainly class it with the woodland ring-works. Listed as ‘Hill-top fortress’. (2)
Tournerbury or Tunorbery, on oval camp, 240 x 200 yards of possibly IA date. ‘Mr Trigg had two trenches dug across and others at right angles’ and found only two pieces of British pottery ‘and’ remains of fires under the surrounding earthwork.
Excavated 11/59 under the direction of Mr J R Boyden. A trench through the rampart revealed, at the outer edge, two Norman pots, (probably strays) &, under the rampart itself, on the old surface line, two tiny scraps of pottery, possibly Iron Age .
A univallate IA fort situated on low lying ground. To the north and south is marshy ground which was probably tidal before the construction of the sea-wall. No evidence regarding the name was found.
Two further sections dug by Richard Bradley in 1968 produced fragments of four IA vessels on the land surface contemporary with the rampart.
Tournerbury has some features in common with other small Hampshire ringworks, but there is too little evidence to date it closely. The function of the enclosure remains unknown. There is evidence of re-use in the Roman period by associated pottery of about 250-400 AD.
Details of site on Pastscape
An Iron Age enclosure later reused as a Civil War battery, situated on the crest of a ridge circa 2.5 kilometres south west of Winchester. The sub-rectanhular earthwork has maximum internal dimensions of 75 metres by 66 metres. A bank extends around the western, northern and eastern sides of the earthwork, but is poorly preserved or absent along the southern side. A bank and ditch which formerly extended extended south eastwards from the south west corner of the site have been destroyed by modern building. Excavation of the bank and ditch occured in the 1930s. The evidence from this excavation has been interpreted as suggesting that the earthwork was constructed in the Iron Age but that it did not remain long in use. However, additional investigations have also attributed the earthworks to the Roman period. A single Anglo-Saxon inhumation burial was also found during the excavation, (SU 42 NE 25), the grave cut into the bank at the north east corner of the site. Grave goods, including a silver- pommell scramasax, an iron spearhead and a bronze hanging bowl, were found accompanying the burial. Reuse of the earthwork is thought to have occured during the Civil War. Cromwell is known to have had two batteries outside Winchester during the siege of the city in 1645, one to the north and one to the west, and it has been suggested that this was the site of the western battery. The site was also used to quarter allied troops during the Napoleonic and First World Wars. Scheduled.
Details of barrows on Pastscape
[A: SU 4559 2700 and B: SU 4557 2698] Tumuli [OE]
A: Bowl barrow, diameter in paces, 30. Height 8 1/2’. Hollow in centre. A fine example.
B: Bowl barrow. Diameter in paces, 18. Height 3’. Hollow in centre.
A: A large bowl barrow, diameter 28.0 m. height 2.5 m. no ditch. Large hollow in the centre.
B: A flat-topped bowl barrow, diameter 17.0 m. height 1.2 m. no ditch. Slight hollow in centre.
Both situated in a chicken run.
Earthwork remains of two Bronze Age bowl barrows. The northern barrow is 26m in diameter and is 2.5m high; a broad ditch c.7m wide and 0.2m deep is visible as an earthwork and as an area fo darker soil to the east of the barrow. A trench, suggesting excavation, cuts across the barrow east-west. The second barrow is situated 15m to the south, it is 1m high and has a maximum diameter of 19m. Lithic implements are visible on the surfaces of the barrows.
Details of long barrows on Pastscape
[SU 82171219] Long Barrow [GT]
[SU 82341205] Long Barrow [GT] (1)
Two long barrows on Stoughton Down. `A’ and `C’ see Rec. 6” Both have ditches along the sides. but not at the ends. `A’ 120ft long 78ft greatest width 5.5ft high in the north-east and 9ft in the south west. `C’ 80ft long, 45ft in greatest width 2ft 4ins to 7ft 6ins high. No pottery found in the rabbit holes, or in the neighbourhood of either barrow, and the only worked flint, was a convex scraper 3ins x 2.5ins found on the crest of `C’. [SU 82231208] `B’ see Rec. 6”. A probable bowl barrow 13 paces diam. 1ft high, burrowed. [See AO/61/344/2].
Two long barrows upon Stoughton Down are as described above. They are turf-covered and in fair condition apart from mutilations by excavation. No trace of ditches around the easterly barrow, and those of the westerly one are so filled in and ploughed down as to appear as a broad, shallow, and unsurveyable depression, particularly round the S side. At `B’ SU 82241209 are the turf covered, ploughed down remains of a round barrow, 13.5m in dameter, 0.4m high. It is in fairly good condition and shows much exposed flint.
The long barrows A and C, now turf-covered, are generally as described and planned by Curwen and Grinsell, but recent ploughing has truncated them. The ditches are visible on the NE and SW sides of `A’, and on the NE side of `C’ as shallow depressions containing darker soil.
The bowl barrow (B) is under the plough, surviving to a height of 0.2m. (5)
Trail trenches were dug across the ditches of both long barrows in an attempt to obtain dating and environmental evidence from oval barrows, following on from the excavation of the oval barrow at Alfriston, East Sussex. The ditch of Stoughton I was 80cm deep and that of Stroughton II 60cm. A few flint flakes were found in each but no organic material suitable for a C14th date was recovered.
The excavations suggest `structural similarity’ with oval barrows at North Marden, West Sussex and Alfriston, East Sussex, but failed to provide any close dating.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
SU 45583526. Long barrow. Scheduled No. 586.
A prominent, tree-covered mound. Overall length 44.0m., maximum width 22.0m., and height from 2.3m. at the north-west end to 1.9m. at the south-east end. The top is lower and broadens out at the south-east end, possibly as a result of slumping or despoliation. There is little evidence of ditch. Other mounds in the wood, especially to the south-west, appear to be spoil heaps from the destruction of the military camp in the wood, but the mound described above is larger and more regular than these and has the appearance of a long barrow.
Details of barrows on Pastscape
‘A’ SU47003675. Bowl barrow, 21.0m in diameter, 0.3m high.
‘B’ SU 47063671. Comprises two shapeless, contiguous mounds with maximum height of 0.4m. According to Mr Grey, the tenant farmer, this feature has always taken this form though now much reduced by the plough. Probably twin bowl barrows, but AP’s do not help (RAF AP’s CPE/UK) 1842/4190-1) except to show they overlie lynchets of a Celtic field system.
During the last war the barrows were dug by an officer and men from HMS Ariel but nothing apparently was found. Discovered during field investigation: surveyed at 1:2500.
SU 471367. Bowl barrow. A shapeless mound 0.4m. high, possibly a twin barrow.
SU 472368. Possible long barrow indicated by two very clear parallel ditches on air photographs. Nothing visible on the surface. SU 47063671. Long barrow visible on the ground as two ill-defined mounds, greatly reduced by ploughing. The mound is rectangular in plan, about 52.0m long and 0.5m. high.
Long barrow partially excavated in 1986, and dimensions of flanking ditches recorded. A series of ‘quarries’ and an RB cremation burial also located. A rectangular hollow at the summit of the barrow is probably a relic of war-time excavations (see auth 1) SU 47043672. Earthwork and buried remains of a long barrow and a bowl barrow. The bowl barrow was incorporated into a later prehistoric field system and acts as a boundary marker at the top corner of two fields. Scheduled.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
(SU 472361) Long Barrow (OE) A long barrow situated on the chalk just north of Worthy Down at slighly over 350’ above OD.
The barrow is 340’ long and orientated NE-SW. It is cut across by a road, to the west of which some 90’ of the mound is well preserved and grass grown: it is 60’ wide and 5’ high. On the south side the flanking ditch can be traced; a hedge runs along the north side and the ditch is obscured by a garden. A flint end-scraper was picked out of the barrow on the west side of the road.
To the east of the road it is under cultivation and has been reduced by ploughing to a height of c.1”. The ditches are parallel, showing as dark lines on the air photograph, and continue round the east end as at Holdenhurst. No indications of burial chambers can be detected within the east end of the mound.
In the same field, a short distance east of the long barrow is a round barrow, c. 80’ in diameter and 3’ high, much reduced by ploughing.
(’A’ – SU 47233607) A large long barrow 110m long and 24m broad. The eastern part of the mound has been ploughed down and averages 0.5m in height. When visited this part had been freshly ploughed and the ditch was visible as a dark soil mark, 6m wide, to either side and around the eastern end. The remainder of the mound, separated from the ploughed portion by a lane, is under grass and reaches a maximum height of 0.9m the extreme west and seems to have been levelled. A fragment of the ditch, 90.3m deep, survives on the south side.
(’B’ – SU 47323608) Bowl barrow, 24m in diameter and 0.4m high. Freshly ploughed, the ditch is visible as a dark soil mark 2.5m wide.
SU 47433610. (South Wonston East) A fine long barrow situated in a strip of woodland behind small-holdings. It is oriented ENE-WSW with the highest, broadest, end at the east. It measures some 24.0m maximum width and 1.6m maximum height, and at the west end by a hedge so it was probably a little longer. There is no trace of a ditch on the south side where an occupation road serving small holdings exists, and only a vague terracing can be distinguished about the middle of the north side.
The other long barrow and the bowl barrow survive as described but are subject to annual ploughing. It is perhaps significant that the bowl barrow is situated on the line of the long axis of the long barrow at SU 47433610 which is scheduled. Surveyed at 1:2500. A greenstone adze, identified by Winchester City Museum as NE/BA was found about 1958 by Mr G Griffin in his garden at Lahinch, West Hill Road, South Wonston at SU 47173606. It is now in Winchester City Museum. (7)
Details of barrows on Pastscape
Three Bronze Age barrows, known as Flowerdown Barrows, situated to the northwest of Flowerdown House at Littleton, Hampshire. The group comprises a disc barrow and two bowl barrows, and was once part of a larger barrow cemetery group that may have acted as a territorial marker. The barrows may have been disturbed in the past, possibly by 19th century antiquarians. They are now in the care of English Heritage.
The barrows are particularly well-preserved, and the disc barrow has been described as the largest and finest barrow of its kind in Hampshire. Disc barrows are rare nationally with only about 250 examples known, and often only surviving as crop marks. They were constructed as a circular area of level ground surrounded by a ditch and external bank, with one or more low mounds covering burials within the central platform. The burials were usually cremations accompanied by vessels, tools, and personal ornaments. It is likely that the individuals buried within them were of high status. This disc barrow has a circular flat platform 28 metres in diameter on which lie two circular mounds. The central mound is 7 metres in diameter and has a central hollow. The other lies to the southwest of the centre and is 6 metres in diameter.
The larger of the two bowl barrows lies to the southwest of the disc barrow; it has a circular mound with a central hollow and is 20 metres in diameter and one metre high. The smaller bowl barrow abuts the outer edge of the disc barrow bank. Its mound is 8 metres in diameter and 0.3 metres high. Bowl barrows were usually constructed of a mound of turf, soil, or rock, covering one or more burials. This was usually surrounded by a circular ditch from which the mound material may have been quarried. The burials were either inhumations or cremation burials, sometimes with grave goods such as pottery vessels, weapons, flint tools, and jewellery.
Details of barrows on Pastscape
Three Bronze Age bowl barrows and an elongated barrow, previously described as a ‘short’ long barrow, possibly two conjoined barrows. Part scheduled.
(’A’ SU 33563767) Tumulus (NR) (’B’ SU 33393764) (’C’ SU 33833761) Tumuli 3 Bowl Barrows.
A: A short long barrow cut off at its western end by a modern road. Now measures some 25.0m in length and 20.0m in width and up to 1.8m in height. No visible ditches overgrown with yew.
B: A small bowl barrow some 12.0m in diameter and 0.2m in height. Clearly overlies the bank of a presumed Ranch Boundary running appx E-W into the Danebury Hill fort area (SU 33 NW 22).
C: A bowl barrow reduced by ploughing and now measuring 28.0m in diameter and 0.3m in height. the ditch can be traced as a darker soil mark.
SU 33563767. Barrow ‘A’ rejected as a long barrow, but described as a “single, elongated barrow surrounded by a continuous ditch”. The ditch has been traced by geophysical survey and probing as a continuous feature in the surrounding arable field.
Details of barrow on Pastscape
(SU 32363873) An oval barrow. “Before I saw it from the air, I regarded it as a short long barrow. Its length is 110’; its breadth 80’; and its height 5’4”. From the air, however, ..., it is plainly revealed as not a long barrow. It has interesting features, however; it is made of dug chalk not scraped soil; and it is probably from the size and irregularity of the black belt marking the ditch, that the material of the mound was entirely derived from the surrounding ditch ...” (For a similar barrow on HANDLEY DOWN, DORSET, see Pitt-Rivers “Excavations in Cranborne Chase”, 4 pp 136-8). (1)
DANEBURY NORTH-EAST Long Barrow “A ‘short’ long barrow with side ditches which do not appear to go round the ends ... The
ditch is plainly visible on the north side though slight and shallow, but is barely visible on south”.
Oval Barrow 34m long, 27m wide & 1.3m high, flanked by side ditches, 7m wide & 0.2m deep. Orientation, 126 (magnetic).
Under cultivation: recently sown with grass. Now very much reduced by ploughing and the ditch is barely visible. However, Crawford’s evidence and the orientation suggest this is an oval barrow of rare type rather than a short long barrow.
Details of site on Pastscape
Iron Age hillfort, with multiple phases of occupation and development from the 7th to 1st century BC with evidence of Bronze Age and pre Bronze Age activity. Finds of a Roman coin and a few sherds of pottery suggest only sporadic visits in the Roman period. The last ditch recutting is of unknown date. It is possibly late Iron Age, but equally possible that it could have been done in the sub Roman period. Unstratified sherds of 5th or 6th century pottery have been found. Later the site was probably used for a rural fair, and a charter for such a fair was granted in the 16th century. The site was also used as a rabbit warren with resident warrener. Disused by the 17th century the ground was then subject to ‘improvment’. Danebury has been the subject of a major research project and excavation.
Details of long barrows on Pastscape
Two long barrows – (SU 31933831 – A) Danebury West (SU 32023836 – B) Danebury East
A sherd of EBA “rusticated ware” found by Grinsell in the eastern end of the northern ditch of A is in Winchester Museum.
A – a rather rectangular mound with squarish eastern end and rounded tail. 66.0m in length, 28.5m in width and up to 1.8m in height at the eastern end. The mound is flanked on either side by a berm 3-4m in width, and a ditch 7.0m in width and 0.6m maximum depth. Apparently unopened although the eastern end may have been disturbed.
B – 54.0m in length and 20.0m in width with flanking side ditches, the southern being markedly deeper at 0.7m. There is a narrow depression along the length of the barrow but it appears to be otherwise undisturbed. (3)
Subjected to annual ploughing and a little more spread, but generally as described with the survey of 10 5 65 still correct.
SU33NW3||SU 31933831. Danebury West long barrow. Oriented ESE-WNW 64.0m. long and 1.8m. high, broadest and highest at the
east end. The relatively narrow mound is separated by berms about 3.0m. wide from ditches that measure 15.0m. across and
0.5m. deep.
SU 32023836. Danebury East long barrow. Similar orientation to Danebury West. The mound is 50.0m. long and 1.2m. high with ditches 10.0m. wide and 0.4m. deep.
Both mounds are now under rough pasture.
Details of barrows on Pastscape
SU 442 362: Tumuli
‘A’ a disc barrow, the central mound 44 feet in diameter and 2 feet high placed on a platform 66 feet in diameter outside of which is a ditch 15 feet wide with an outer bank of the same width. The bank and ditch have been almost ploughed out.
‘B’ is a very large example of a saucer barrow with an overall diameter of 156 feet. The central mound is 1 1/2 feet high and has the large diameter of 81 feet. It is enclosed by a ditch circa 19 feet wide and a foot deep with an outer bank 18 feet wide and 1 foot high.
‘C’ is a bowl barrow 30 paces in diameter and 4 feet high. The barrows now fall in a fir plantation. ‘C’ was previously tree-covered. An air photograph was taken of these barrows under plough by Major G W G Allen (2) Add ref (3).
A group of three barrows, one is and another appears to have been a disc barrow. The group lies in a lynchet area (SU 43 NW 3) and the lynchets deliberately avoid the barrows (4).
‘A’ SU 4430 3623; ‘B’ SU 4428 3628; ‘C’ SU 4427 3623:
‘A’ now has the appearance of a bowl shaped mound 21 metres in average diameter and 1 metres high surrounded by a ditch 4 metres wide and 0.2 metres deep with an outer bank 7 metres wide and 0.2 metres high.
‘B’ has a flattened mound, 27 metres in average diameter and 0.3 metres high surrounded by a ditch 4 metres wide and 0.2 metres deep with an outer bank 6 metres wide and 0.2 metres high.
Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are now planted with larch and beech trees with a plantation path on the west side of each mound. Too spread to classify from their present appearance, APs 354/34/67 and 356/34/69 show ‘A’ to have had a second ditch enclosing the mound.
‘C’ is a bowl barrow, 28 metres in average diameter and 1.3 metres high with a flat top and some spreading probably by the planting of the larger trees upon it. A vague depression on the south indicates the former ditch. Published 1:2500 revised.
Barrows A and B have been severely mutilated by the construction of a forest ride and the preparation of the area for planting. Only C survives intact but this is heavily overgrown.An old Crawford collection AP X213 (by Major Allen) shows the character of A & B quite clearly.
Bronze Age saucer barrow, disc barrow and bowl barrow situated near a ridge at Crawley Clump on Crawley Down. The 3 barrows are all confluent and arranged as a triangle with the saucer barrow to the north. The mounds have all been reduced by ploughing and the saucer and disc barrows have been cut by a modern ride and farm track across the centre of the monument. The saucer barrow survives as a flattened semi circular platform cut by the road to the west and the ditch and bank are heavily disturbed. The disc barrow survives as an indistinct low mound 14 metres diameter. APs indicate a second infilled ditch between the inner mound and surrounding platform. The bowl barrow survives in better condition 26 metres diameter and 1.7 metres high surrounded by traces of the ditch which is most clearly visible to the south and which is overlapped by banks of both other barrows. A lynchet is situated 5 metres north of the monument and may be part of a contemporary field system. Scheduled. (8)
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
‘A’ [SU 46285283] Tumulus [O.E.]
‘A’ – Bell barrow opened at top. (1) Bowl Barrow
‘B’ SU 46255285. Flat barrow, prob. opened. (1) Bowl Barrow.
‘A’ may be a much mutilated bell barrow but it is difficult to classify. The mound is about 25.0m in diameter, maximum height 2.6m, with a surrounding ditch 3.5m. wide, 0.3m. deep. Ploughing has encroached upon the ditch and the edge of the mound. Two ‘crater’ mutilations show an apparent internal cairn of flints. The barrow is covered with rank grass.
‘B’ is a flattened mound of flints, 15.0m. in diameter and 0.4m. high. It is surrounded by a ring of darker loam indicating a ditch. The barrow, probably of bowl type, is under plough and has a small tree on the S.W. (4)
Details of barrows on Pastscape
[’A’ – SU 48755686 & ‘B’ SU 48805679] TUMULI [O.E.] Two small bowl barrows.
‘A’ – A bowl barrow, 10.0m. in average diameter and 0.5m high with a large central mutilation. The barrow under grass, on a north-eastern slope has a surveyable ditch 4.0m wide and 0.4m deep. On the N.E. the ditch has been filled by spoil from the mound.
‘B’ – A bowl barrow, 11.0m in average diameter and 0.6m high. The barrow, under grass, on an eastern slope has an unsurveyable ditch, visible as a slight surrounding depressing. A mutilation shows the mound to be of chalk rubble.
(’C’ – SU 48785682) Large ring (? ditch) visible as texture mark.
Under pasture. Nothing visible.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
(SU 59272839) Tumuli (NR) (Two shown). Long Barrow (NR).
“Probably a double or triple barrow. Chalk on clay, ploughed”. “On second visit I decided that this is a true long barrow with side-ditches”. Shown and described as a long barrow, No 44.
Excavated by Canon Milner. Four trenches were cut in order to ascertain whether the big ditches had existed which characteristically flanked long barrows. The first, which was dug down to the level, undisturbed chalk from the rise of the
barrow in a northerly direction across the central depression revealed a ditch 20’ wide and 7’9” deep.
A series of trial pits subsequently connected up into a trench 40’ long were dug at the east end about 12’ north of the axis of the barrow in order to discover whether the ditch continued round that end or gave place to a causeway. Undisturbed chalk proved that there was no ditch.
The third trench was dug to a depth of 5’ parallel to and at a distance of 10’ north of the second. The ditch was again in evidence here.
A narrow experimental trench was dug from the north side into the middle of the mound in order to follow up a seam of dark earth. This ran right into the barrow at the level of the ancient undisturbed surface and was evidently the original top-soil of the ditch. Except for this dark earth the trench into the barrow revealed nothing whatever but chalk.
All the evidence points to a Neolithic long barrow, a rare work in this neighbourhood. During the excavations a sherd of Peterborough Ware was found – part of the rim of a bowl with finger-nail decoration. (6)
The barrow, although in arable land and xloughed, is well preserved and distinct. It is 70.0m. long and 36.0m. in maximum width, the height being 1.7m. at the east end and 0.4m. lower than this at the west end. The side ditches are visible. At the east end an old shallow quarry pit encroaches slightly on the mound.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
(SU10452039) Duck’s Nest [NAT] Long Barrow [NR] LB No 177 (1) Long barrow 50 paces long, 30 paces wide 12-15 feet high, flank ditches 7 paces wide 1 ft deep thickly covered in vegetation (2) Add Ref(3) Schedule Anc. Mon.
This long barrow is thickly overgrown and accurate measurement of its dimensions is difficult. It is between 46 and 48 metres in length and about 29 m wide. It is 3.5m high at its south end and 3.0 m high at its north end. There is a well-preserved ditch flanking its W side, 0.6 m below the ground level; the ditch on the E side is more shallow.
As described by R Work in 1954 the long barrow is preserved in a small wood.
The lack of any round barrows associated with this barrow is characteristic of long barrows on the Hants side of Bokerley Dyke.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
[SU 1015 2220] Long barrow 185ft long and 90ft wide at the south-east end and 75ft wide at the north-west end. Up to 5ft high with distinct ditches.
Long barrow oriented north-west to south-east,some 60.0m long and up to 22.0m in width with flanking ditches. The mound rises to about 2.0m in height at the south-east end and about 1.3m at the north-east end.
This long barrow has been heavily ploughed over. The ditches are no longer visible. 1:2500 Survey revised on plan. (8)
Rockbourne Down barrow. Unsual in this area in that it has a presumed round barrow, visible as a faint ring ditch, associated with it [SU 12 SW 77]. The barrow lies on the line of a possible former county boundary.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
(SU 08871987) Knap Barrow (NAT) Long Barrow (NR). 320 feet long and the longest long barrow in Hampshire. The SW side has long been under cultivation and on account of ploughing its width is not easy to ascertain, but it is probably about 100 feet wide. It is 6 feet high at SE and 4 feet high at NW. Ditches were not visible. Scheduled.
Long barrow, 95.0m. long, 12.0m. to 16.0m. wide. From 1.5m. in height at the NW end to 2.5m. at the SE end. No traces of flanking ditches. The surrounding ground is arable. The barrow is grass-covered and in good condition, apart from reduction by ploughing along the SW side. Published 1:2500 survey revised. SU 08881987. Knap Barrow is listed as a long barrow. It is fairly well-preserved and now tapered in plan.
Knap Barrow, along with Grans Barrow [SU 01 NE 19], betoken a significant Neolithic presence. Apart from these earthworks, there is relatively little to be seen at ground level where most of the actual surface remains are being so steadily spread or eroded that they will slowly become indistiguishable as relief features.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
(SU 09001978) Grans Barrow (NAT) Long Barrow (NR). Grans Barrow. Long barrow, 200 feet long, 60 feet wide, 9 feet high at SSE, 6 1/2 feet at NNW. No clear signs of ditches. Scheduled AM.
Long barrow, 63.0m. in length, 17.0m. broad. The height decreased from 2.5m. at the SE end to 2.0m. at the NW end. There are no traces of side ditches. The mound is grass covered and well-preserved, but the surrounding area is arable land. Published 1:2500 survey revised. SU 09001980. Grans Barrow is listed as a long barrow. The positions of the ditches are indicated by geophysical Survey. Neolithic long barrow, now 58m long, 19m wide and rising to a height of 2.3m above the berms which survive to a width of 8m. The ditches, which are no longer visible at ground level, survive as buried features averaging 4m in width and have been identified through magnetic survey and aerial photography. The mound is orientated SSE-NNW.
Details of barrowd on Pastscape
3 barrows opened by Hoare and Cunnington in the early 19th century. Hoare’s locational information is a little vague, prompting some (such as RCHME and Grinsell) to consider them unlocated. Hoare’s account places them all southwest of Bokerley Dyke and east of Woodyates. A number of possibilities have been considered, notably barrows in the vicinity of Pentridge village (see associated monuments), and the Ordnance Survey seem to have favoured a general location in the Bokerley Down area (hence the creation of this record). However, on the basis of the information provided by Hoare, the most likely candidates are the pair of bowl barrows on Blagdon Hill (SU 01 NE 27 and 102) and the long barrow near Bokerley Gap (SU 01 NW 39). Those records should be consulted for full details of Hoare and Cunnington’s excavations.
Details of barrow on Pastscape – Monument No. 213422
A bowl barrow, one of a pair located side by side, just south of Bokerley Dyke and immediately adjacent to Grim’s Ditch. Listed by RCHME as Pentridge 33 and by Grinsell as Pentridge 12, it was described by RCHME as a well-preserved mound 58 feet in diameter and 6 feet high, surrounded by a ditch 12 feet wide and 1.5 feet deep. Both of the barrows had been dug into in the past. It seems quite likley that they are to be identified with two barrows excavated by Hoare and Cunnington in the early 19th century. This identification is by no means certain, but this pair seem the most plausible candidates among the known barrows. If the identification is correct, this barrow, the larger of the pair, proved to contain “two skeletons, and several instruments of iron, viz. a lance-head, two knives, and an article of bone”. These would appear to represent interments of Saxon date, probably dating from the late 5th to early 8th century. They may be the primary interments, but it is more likely that they represent secondary, intrusive interments in an earlier, Bronze Age, barrow. Grinsell lists the barrow excavated by Hoare and Cunnington as Pentridge 13b, declaring it unlocated. See Bowen (1990) for a discussion of the relationship between the linear earthworks and the barrows in this area.
Details of barrow on Pastscape – Monument No. 1313714
A bowl barrow, one of a pair located side by side, just south of Bokerley Dyke and immediately adjacent to Grim’s Ditch. Listed by RCHME as Pentridge 34 and by Grinsell as Pentridge 13, it was described by RCHME as a mound 38 feet in diameter and 3.5 feet high, partially overlain on its north side by Grim’s Ditch. It appears also to partly overlie its neighbouring barrow SU 01 NE 27, although the true relationship has been obscured by excavation. That excavation appears to have been undertaken in the early 19th century by Cunnington and Hoare, although the identification is not completely ceetain. However, this barrow seems the most plausible candidate for the one in which they found a large urn with its mouth placed upwards, and within it an interment of burned bones. The top of the urn seems to have been covered by two flat pieces of flint. A little further toward the south they discovered a large pit three feet deep, on the floor of which was a small Beaker-type pottery vessel. Grinsell lists the barrow excavated by Cunnington and Hoare as Pentridge 13c, declaring it unlocated. See SU 01 NE 27 for additional information and sources.
Details of Barrows on Pastscape – Monument No. 213346
Bowl barrows; ‘A’ surrounded by visible ditch, hollow in centre. (’A’ dia 20 paces, height 4 ft ‘B’ dia 20 paces, height 6 ft)
A. Diameter 19.0 m; height 1.5 m. Excavated at the top. Surrounding ditch approximately 2.0 m wide and 0.3 m deep.
B. Diameter 18.0 m; height 1.9 m. There appears to be a surrounding ditch 1.5 m wide and 0.5 m deep.
Both these bowl barrows have been excavated. The ditch measurements are approximate in each case since the ground was under snow at the time of investigation.
Tumuli (OE) SU 05541810 & 05561811.
Martin 26 and 27 are contiguous ditched bowl barrows contained in the north-west angle between Bokerley Dyke and linear [SU 01 NE 34] near the shoulder of Blagdon Hill. Both have been excavated, almost certainly by Sir Richard Colt Hoare in 1805 and seemingly again by W Chaffers in 1842. if this interpretation is correct, both contained cremations in large ‘sepulchral urns’, one. probably (26), being covered by an ‘immense heap of flints’ and the other said still to retain a covering of ‘linen cloth’. Chaffers also found a ‘sepulchral urn’ in a chalk-cut cist, under each. These, as illustrated, are Deverel-Rimbury.
Details of site on Pastscape
The Grim’s Ditch on Cranborne Chase is a complicated system of bank-and-ditch features, enclosing (by accident or design) an area of approximately 14.5 Sq miles. The various lengths overshoot, digress and leave gaps in places. Field work and excavation c1943 by C M Piggott led to the following conclusions:
a. The system is not a unitary work, but a complex of separate pieces.
b. The pieces were probably nor coeval. The northern and eastern sides were both almost certainly LBA, but the southern side is more likely to have been IA.
c. The features probably represent some form of land division, and are akin to the LBA ‘ranch boundaries’ (Extent on Map strips after Piggott and Sumner) (1)
(17) Grim’s Ditch in the extreme NE of the parish and adjacent to (16), is part of a complex of boundary ditches which extends for nearly nine miles from west to east across Cranborne Chase. Most of the complex lies in Hampshire and it will be described, as a whole in the Inventory of that County; it also continues into the extreme S of Wiltshire. The Dorset section (map opp. p 53 and plate 56) comprises a bank and ditch just over 1.5 miles long, extending NW from Blagdon Hill (SU05551802) in two straight alignments to the vicinity of the Epaulement (SO03741962), the earthwork which projects SW from Bokerley Dyke (16) and represents part of an early phase in the development of that Monument. For much of its length the Dorset section of Grim’s Ditch has been flattened by ploughing, but where best preserved on Blagdon Hill, it comprises a bank 20ft across and up to 3ft high with a ditch 16ft across and 2ft deep along the NE side. On Blagdon Hill the earthwork turns E and after passing under Bokerley Dyke continues on Tidpit Common Down, but the 300ft length immediately W of the dyke has been levelled. At the NW end ploughing has obliterated the relationship of Grim’s Ditch with Bokerley Dyke and the Epaulement; it is possible that it continued NW on the line later followed by Bokerley Dyke.
The Grim’s Ditch complex almost certainly evolved over a lengthy period, extending from the Bronze Age probably into Romano-British times. As yet, however, only the stretch on Martin Down (SU045201), just across the county boundary with Hampshire, has been satisfactorily dated; a length of 300ft was excavated by Pitt-Rivers and found to be of the Bronze Age (Pitt-Rivers, Excavations 1V 190). This complex of boundary ditches is no more than part of a former system of land allotment and utilisation, into which adjacent hill-forts, settlements, ‘Celtic’ fields and also barrows were integrated (2)
SU05651802-SU09441894; SU11601894-SU14532407; SU05162203 – SU14262320; SU03981930 – SU05551803. Grim’s Ditch [NR] (3)
The term ‘Grim’s Ditch’ is a folkname. The term ‘Grim’ is Saxon and is equatable with ‘woden’ which by a process of christian association explains why ‘Devil’s Ditch’ was the countryman’s name. Sumner describes Grim’s ditch as a ‘continuous earthwork... across the eastern portion of Cranborne Chase. The length of its course is about fourteen miles’. However, this is misleading as there are considerable diversities in the plan.
A weak case could be made for the whole being a stock enclosure with the ditch conventionally facing inwards and the linear west from Rentridge (16) A to West Woodyates might form a ‘funnel’ through which deer could be driven. These ditches may have been to do with stock control but it is known that they had origins at varying dates, experienced different stages, and certainly manifested diverse physical forms. However the shallow ditch of Pentridge (17) and the large sections of Martin (80) on Knoll Down or Damerham Ridge indicate a considerable diversity of size. The great variations in size and form on continuous runs are indeed very difficult to rationalise. The dating of all these features is uncertain and, as with the inextricably involved strands of the Bokerley Line, it has to be asked again whether or when all the pieces functioned as a whole (4)
SU03102090- SU04102088 – SU04502136
Section of Grim’s Ditch and associated earthwork scheduled 25608 (5)
SU 05641801 – SU 07351829. Section of Grim’s Ditch, running eastwards along a ridge from Bokerley Dyke on Blagdon Hill. Scheduled. (6)
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
(SU 06421810) Long barrow: a low flat mound, length 28 paces, width 12 paces, maximum height 3 ft? on E-W.
In former arable land, on line of Grims Ditch (Lin.76), which has used it, – hence bend; highest in middle, no sign now of side ditches. The above may be a short stretch of Grims Ditch itself. A doubtful long barrow 28 paces long, 20 paces wide and 3 ft. high. Ditches, if they exist, are very vague. Omitted from the list of Hants long barrows. A probable long barrow, situated on a ploughed downland ridge, approx 30.0m. in length, 20.0m. in breadth and 1.0m. in height; there are no visible side ditches.The present condition of the mound renders accurate observation difficult but the following points in favour of its classification as a long barrow should be noted.
1. Orientation – NW/SE
2. If one accepts the accuracy of representation by the OS, under what were presumably more favourable conditions, then the mound and Grims Ditch are not contemporary.
3. The present comparative sizes of the remains of the mound and Ditch (both presumably having been subjected to a similar degree of mutilation) suggest that the mound was originally of considerably larger proportions than Grims Ditch.
4. Finally the measurements of this much-ploughed mound are comparable to Long Barrow (SU 02 SW 34), and well within the limits of the so-called ‘short’ long barrow.
This feature has been almost completely ploughed out and is now 0.3m in height.. Its identification as a long barrow must remain in doubt. SU 06421810. The elongated barrow at Tidpit antedates Grims Ditch. Air photographs and geophysical survey suggest two components within the mound and an uninterrupted ditch around it. Classification as a single elongated barrow.
The barrow has been completely ploughed out, together with the scarp of Grims Ditch on the east and west of it.
SU 06421810. Elongated barrow. Large irregular mound, [probably in part the result of disturbance. Air photo. Discussion of relationship to Grims Ditch.
Remains of an elongated barrow on the line of the later Grims Ditch. It has been levelled by ploughing but remains visible as soil marks on aerial photographs and has also been the subject of a geophysical survey. The barrow is about 30 metres long and 19 metres wide. Scheduled.
(’A’ – SU 04151877 & ‘B’ – SU 04191871) Tumuli (NR) (One long barrow and one round barrow) (’C’ – SU 04171870) Earthwork (NR). On Bokerly Down is a small enclosure 15 yds square, with a low vallum, the enclosed area being raised to the top of the bank. In the south west there is a possible entrance. Situated near a tumulus and a long mound. (2)
(’A’) A fine long barrow, over 300 ft long. (3)
‘A’ is a long barrow some 80.0m in length by 14.0m in width and up to 2.4m in height at its southern or ‘business’ end. It is orientated almost due north to south and both side ditches are visible.
‘B’ is a bowl barrow 17.5m in diameter by 0.6m in height. There are very faint traces of a ditch on the south side.
‘C’ now appears as a slightly raised square platform some 17.5m square and up to about 0.7m in height. No trace of a ditch or an entrance is now visible. Its probable original form can be clearly seen on air photograph 240 by A Keiller, where it appears to be a square enclosure with slight bank and outer ditch. But no entrance.
Long Barrow (SU 04161876), on Bokerley Down lies on the north slope of a low spur and is aligned north north west – south south east on the north east end of the Cursus. Ploughing has largely obliterated the side ditches and has damaged the mound; it is now 300 ft long, and 60 ft across and 8 ft high at the south east end, but narrower and lower at the north west end.
Bowl (SU 04201871), close to the south east end of long barrow; diameter 45 ft, height 1 1/2 ft. (5)
Pentridge 43 [’C’] SU 04181869 Small square enclosure, length of side 15.5 to 18.5m, immediately S of long barrow. Aligned NE-SW; labelled ‘enclosure’ on some OS maps and drawn as scarped square; Crawford described as ‘platform’ surrounded by slight ditch (Crawford and Keiller 1928). (6-7)
NB this record now deals solely with the long barrow. The round barrow (SU 01 NW 211) and the square feature (SU 01 NW 212) have now been recorded separately.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
A long barrow, listed by RCHME as Pentridge 20 and by Grinsell as Pentridge I. Located on Bokerley Down, it is aligned north northwest-south southeast, the northerly end pointing towards the northeastern terminal of the Dorset Cursus (Linear 41) circa 350 metres to the north. Ordnance Survey field investigation in 1969 described the barrow as a mound circa 80 metres in length and 14 metres in width, standing up to 2.4 metres in height at its southern “business” end. Both side ditches were still visible as surface features. A round barrow (SU 01 NW 211) and a small sqaure feature (SU 01 NW 212) are located immediately to the south.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
A Neolithic long barrow, listed by RCHME as Pentridge 23 and by Grinsell as Pentridge III. Located immediately west of Bokerley Dyke and a short distance north of the northeastern terminal of the Dorset Cursus (Linear 41). RCHME were intiially uncertain as to whether or not this mound was in fact a long barrow, largely because of the extent of plough damage, though it was noted that Grinsell had observed side ditches, these also being visible on air photographs. At the time, RCHME measured the mound as being 95 feet by 70 feet, aligned broadly southeast-northwest, and 4 feet high. Subsequently RCHME (in Bowen 1990, 1991) confirmed identification as a long barrow with large side ditches. Bowen (1991) also identified this mound with one dug into by Cunnington and Hoare in the early 19th century, based on Hoare’s published description and map of sites in the vicinity. Both Grinsell and RCHME had previously assumed that Hoare was referring to a round barrow (unnumbered by RCHME, but listed as Pentridge 13d by Grinsell). Hoare described the mound as being surrounded by large sarsen stones. His finds were purely Saxon, relating to an intrusive 7th century burial. Within the mound, he found a small hook, a buckle and a clench bolt, plus an ivory ring (representing a bag or pouch). Below was an extended female inhumation, near the head of which were two further clench bolts. Grave goods included a biconical gold bead, 2 glass beads, one of them threaded on a gold wire ring, a jet bead, and a millefiori plaque suspended from a gold chain. The ornaments have been suggested to represent the remains of a rich necklace and linked pin suite, while the iron objects have been suggested to represent the surviving traces of a bed or similar structure on which the corpse was interred.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
(SU 03552042) Long Barrow (OE) This is situated near the boundary between Hants and Wilts but is actually in Hants. The mound in 110 ft long and 60 ft wide and is 8 ft high. The flank ditches are 18 ft wide and about 2 ft deep. It is a well preserved example with the mound gently increasing in height towards the SE. The ditch is better preserved on the W.
This barrow measures 38 metres NW-SE and 24m SW-NE. There is a ditch on the W side but only rather vague traces of one on the E side. The barrow is 1.8m in height (slightly higher at the SE end) and 2.4m above the bottom of the ditch.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
SU 03412114. Broad Chalke 11, a long barrow west of Vernditch Chase, found by Grinsell in 1937. Orientated E/W with good side-ditches, 76ft long x 52 ft wide and 4ft high. SU 03412113: A rather small long barrow 28.0m long NE-SW, by 18.0m transversely. It averages 0.9m in height with side ditches up to 0.4m deep and 5.0 m wide. The area is now afforested and the southern ditch has been almost entirely obliterated. Re-surveyed at 1:2500. (3)
Details of site on Pastscape
An earthwork enclosure in Mistleberry Wood, immediately adjacent to the Wiltshire border. Described by RCHME as an unfinished hillfort, it occupies a less than ideal defensive location on the southern slope of a spur, overlooked by higher ground to the northeast. The enclosing earthworks consist of a bank with external ditch. Assuming that a complete enclosure was the intention, the eastern half is more or less complete, with a southeast facing entrance gap. On the northwest, the bank gradually reduces in height, while the ditch becomes a series of shallow pits. No earthworks are evident in the southwest quadrant (this area may, of course, have been enclosed by some other, non-earthwork, means). At its maximum extent, the bank is 24 feet wide and 4 feet high. The ditch is also a maximum of circa 24 feet wide. If complete, the earthworks would enclose an area of circa 2 acres. The site is probably to be identified with Mealeburg, which is mentioned in a charter of 956 AD. Otherwise there is no dating evidence, although an Iron Age date is commonly assumed.
Details of barrow group on Pastscape
(A: SU 0001 2206 and B: 0003 2205) Tumuli (NR).
Four bowl barrows, OS 6” shows only two (see plan (4)) on Woodminton Down, excavated by Dr R C C Clay in 1925 (2). A large number of cremated interments were found in urns of the Deveril-Rimbury type. All the finds went to Devizes Museum.
Bower Chalke 1 (A), 14 paces in diameter by 2 ft in height. A primary inhumation was inferred; secondary Bronze Age cremations in the southeast part of the mound, 18 in barrel urns and 3 in globular urns, all upright, each probably originally covered by a stone slab.
Bower Chalke 2 (C: SU 0002 2205 (4)) 10 paces in diameter by 1 ft in height. Three cremations were found in barrel urns, one perhaps primary, the others presumed secondary, all upright (one with the accessory vessel). There was a ditch on the south only: in it a broken urn and sherds showing at least one further secondary destroyed; alos stone slabs presumed to be covers from secondaries.
Bower Chalke 3 (B) 10 paces in diameter by 1 ft in height. A primary inhumation inferred from human leg bones found near the centre.
Bower Chalke 4 (D) SU 004 2205, 13 paces in diameter by 1 ft in height. A primary cremation among ashes, with a smashed barrel urn two feet away which, in Clay’s opinion (4), was undoubtedly the receptacle for the cremation. Disturbance with many Romano-British sherds and (presumed from a destroyed secondary) fragments of a Deveril-Rimbury urn. (2-4)
Details of hill-fort on Pastscape
(SU 0180 2812) Chiselbury Camp (NR). An Iron Age univallate hill-fort (see plan (3) and air photographs (4)) enclosing 8 1/2 acres, with an entrance at the south east, where there is a slight semi-circular outwork. The interior is arable.
Bivallate ditches run from the north side to the edge of the escarpment and from the south-east outwork towards the bottom of the combe (3) and possibly beyond in a southerly direction (5). Dr R C C Clay (3) has found Iron Age pottery just outside the camp and a lead spindle-whorl or net-sinker possibly Romano-British, both surface finds. The Rev G H Engleheart (3) has a coin of Constantine 1, found within the camp. (2-5)
Details of enclosure on Pastscape
(Centred at SU 04312004) Martin Down Camp (NR) Pastoral enclosure of proved Bronze Age. Martin Down Camp. Excavation by General Pitt-Rivers proved it Bronze Age, possibly an unfinished settlement (1). Excavated Nov 1895 – March 1896. BA with later RB occupation. (Article contains complete excavation report. Pottery found included Roman and RB ware. Martin Down Camp. Characteristic type of LBA enclosure – formed of a complete or more or less incomplete (sic) square or oblong of single ditch and low bank. A ‘boundary ditch’ passes 500 ft east of the enclosure. Pitt-Rivers excavated 300 ft of its length and assigned it (from the stratified pottery) to the same LBA occupation as the enclosure. (Wilts 71 SW 13) LBA enclosure (2). Martin Down Camp consists of a bank and outside ditch forming an almost compelte sub-rectangular enclosure. Only a portion of the NW side exists. The NE and SE sides are the best preserved and they are both pierced by ‘entrances’. Only a part of the LBA boundary ditch to the east of the enclosure (see 4) can now be traced owing to ploughing. This ditch has been included with Wilts 71 SW/13 as being part of Grim’s Ditch.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
(SU 07892189) Furze Down long barrow found 20.3.1939 by Mr. S. Piggott”. At present under plough, it is 178’ long and 80’ wide, with flank ditches 30’ wide and less than a foot deep. The mound is less than 3’ high, and is placed west and east, with the higher end at the west- an unusual feature. There are signs of former digging near the east end”. SU 07912189. Furze Down long barrow has been almost levelled by ploughing, and further disturbed by construction of a reservoir at its centre. SU 07912189. The long barrow mound is plainly visible, about 40 metres long and 15 metres wide and 0.6 metres high at maximum. A small reservoir has been built roughly on the centre of the barrow but has not destroyed the mound.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
(SU 06382060) A much mutilated and overgrown mound which is probably a long barrow since the track leading up to it from the south is known locally as ‘Longbarrow Lane’. It is from 37 to 40 metres in length, 9m. wide, 1.0m. in height on the N side and about 2.0m. in height on the S side. It is orientated approx. NW-SE.
A boundary hedge runs along the top of the mound which is considerably overgrown with trees. Much mutilated, it now has no very regular shape. Any vestige of a ditch has been expunged on the S side by a trackway and on the N side by cultivation.
The barrow at the end of Long Barrow Lane was a familiar object to open field farmers in the Middle Ages, who described the furlongs in its vicinity by their position in relation to it, eg above, below beyond or at Long Barrow (b). Four trackways or paths converge upon it, and it was a point on the boundary demarcating the tithings of West and East Martin.
The remains described in Authy 1 are extremely vague and fragmentary, but the evidence in Authy 2, the place-name etc and general topo position of the mound strongly suggests this to be the remains of a long barrow.
Details of long barrow on Pastscape
(SU 03192116) Kitt’s Grave (NAT). Almost certainly the ‘Cotelesburgh (Cotel’s Barrow) of a Saxon charter of Damerham (B817) and the ‘Chetoles Beorh’ of another of Bower Chalke (B917). The adjacent place-names ‘Catler’s Corner’ and Chettle Head Copse’ are also from the name ‘Cotel’. No mound or other significant feature located. Local tradition is that Kitt was a gipsy who died at this spot and was buried in Martin churchyard; but this (whether or not genuine) is probably a superimposition on a long-standing Cotel/Kitt name. The barrow may in fact have been that seen 300 metres to the east (SU 02 SW 18). (4)
Details of barrow on Pastscape
(SU 03582346) Tumulus (NR). Broad Chalke 3, a slightly elongated bowl barrow, 15 paces in diameter by 9 ins in height. Called Gawen’s Barrow by Aubrey. The family of Gawen had had associations with this part of Wiltshire for almost 600 years by Colt Hoare’s time (4). (2-4) The barrow is now ploughed out; its site is indicated in the arable by a vague unsurveyable ground swelling and strong concentration of surface flints.
Details of barrows on Pastscape
A Middle Bronze Age bowl barrow, one of a group of six located to the northeast of the South Lodge enclosure (ST 91 NE 9), within its associated field system (ST 91 NE 33). Unlike the other barrows in thr group, it was not given a number by Pitt Rivers, and neither did he excavate it, because it had been destroyed before he moved to the area. He was able to recover some potsherds which had been retained by the estate carpenter, however. In 1954 the Ordnance Survey recorded “the rim of a presumed bowl barrow...10 metres in diameter and 0.4 metres high”. Three trenches were dug in the area where the barrow was located during Barrett et al’s 1977-84 excavations on Cranborne Chase. The ground in this area wasobserved to have been disturbed, and the trenches were dug across a well-defined north-south scarp in the hope of revealing any ditch which may have been associated with the barrow. A series of heavily disturbed deposits were found, mainly attributable to 19th century quarrying, and a water pipe was also found to run through the area. A series of irregular hollows contained some worked flint, and a couple of ditch-like features were observed, but nothing was encountered that could be regarded as a barrow ditch. This site was originally recorded as part of ST 91 NE 3. That record should be consulted for additional sources and
Details of field system on Pastscape
(Centred ST 954175) A group of lyncheted fields in Rushmore Park, surveyed by Toms between 1912 and 1924. He believes them to predate the Bronze Age barrows (ST 91 NE 3) and the Late Bronze Age pastoral enclosure at South Lodge (ST 91 NE 9). Crawford, however, considers that the lynchets cannot be older than the earthworks. The lynchets are clearly visible on the western slopes, and near the South Lodge they follow the contours.
Details of field system on Pastscape
(Centered SU 015 216) Field System. “There are pronounced Celtic type lynchets throughout the area delineated, chiefly betwen the 500 and 600 ft contours. On the hilltops they are scattered and weak and rarely above 0.5m high”. (Names SU 006 221 and SU 023 221) Field System (NR). (Centred SU 017 216) A field system in the Woodminton Down East and Marleycombe Hill area. This Celtic field system is somewhat complex, evidence on Marleycombe Hill (See SU 02 SW 8) suggests two or possibly three phases. The fields have largely been destroyed by modern cultivation, but 35 hectares at SU 005 220; 4 1/2 hectares at SU 023 225 and 3 hectares at SU 034 221, survive with banks and terraces an average 1.0m high. A rapid examination of air photography (7a) shows the field system visible north of Hut Farmhouse, around SU 038 228.