It would be great to make a wooden model of all the stones and then rearrange them to see if it makes any difference. I don't see how it could...we would still have two uprights much taller than the other four....and unless the capstone was originally at 90 degrees to what it is now then it still would not balance.
Somewhere in this meandering list of postings there was a comment that the stones stand on bedrock. If this is the case....was the Quoit originally situated on a bare hillside or are we back to the theory that the surrounding ground, earth and stone has been taken away?
My current project (which I mentioned the last time we were discussing Trethevy on the forum) is doing exactly what you are suggesting only in card form. I am drawing out each orthostat to scale as best I can as time allows and making an allowance for the depth into the soil, then will be mixing and matching them to see what I come up with. I'm not holding my breath but it looks promising (to me anyway!!). Without a shadow of a doubt though the fallen stone is the 'ni**er in the woodpile' in all of this. If it was not part of the original structure then what is it doing there? Your idea that it fell in when the capstone was erected is good but I can't see how they would not have supported it internally to prevent that from happening in the first place. On saying that it's not exactly something that you can just pick up and toss inside afterwards is it either!!
I would imagine that it still stands because once it was up the soil internally and externally was removed to the more or less level it is now which is enough to station it. It has to be stationed solidly because I can't see how the capstone can be 'balanced' because of its sheer weight forcing it not only downwards but endways! If the capstone was smooth-bottomed it would have slipped off by now but it isn't and that's something else I am looking at closely. I've said it before but what a little gem we have in Cornwall.