Peter Ackroyd's Hawksmoor has Stonehenge in it. It's a cheerful tale of the circularity of time & permanence of evil, and Stonehenge (& a number of London churches, located on the sites of previous pagan temples) features as a sort of centre for murder, a place that's thirsty for blood. An excellent book, if you can handle the seventeenth century language.
William Blake's full of almost-references to stones - "Ancient Albion's rocky druid shore", that type of thing. I don't think he mentions any specific sites, though.
Lord of the Rings has standing stones, stone circles and a barrow (complete with terrifying wight) in it. They're not real sites, this being Middle Earth, but beautifully described nevertheless. It's in the TomBombadil section of the book.