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May 21, 2006

Julian Cope: He Dresses as a Nazi so that you don’t have to

sundayherald.com/55704

Peter Ross meets the former Teardrop Explodes frontman on the eve of his appearance at the Burns An’ A’ That festival

On January 1, 2005, Julian Cope took hallucinogenic drugs for the first time in several years. Three months later he started dressing as a Nazi. Fourteen months after that, on a melting day in early May, he strolls down the path from his home, his raised hand meant as a cheery greeting rather than a fascist salute. “Hello,” he beams. “Good to see you.”

The former lead singer with The Teardrop Explodes is 48 years old and over six feet tall, his height exaggerated by clomping black boots and a peaked military cap; he looms above the flat fields, half scarecrow, half raven. Straw-coloured hair hangs down to nipple level, almost but not quite obscuring the Iron Cross pinned to his leather waistcoat; it is embossed with a swastika and a date – 1939.

He leads the way back to his home, a converted stables, stopping to chat with the postman and to talk about garden furniture with his new neighbours. Were it not for the fact that Cope is dressed for the invasion of Poland, this could be a scene from village life in any part of the beautiful south. An expert on ancient Britain (his book on the subject, The Modern Antiquarian, sold more than 40,000 copies in hardback) he lives with his American wife, Dorian, and their daughters in Wiltshire, a part of England rich in important neolithic sites. From his bedroom window, Cope can see Silbury, a gigantic hill built of chalk 5000 years ago; he says he feels connected to this mysterious mound, and well he might – nobody knows exactly why Silbury was made, and he, too, has suffered from public mystification.

Former pop stars are supposed to demean themselves on reality TV then rerelease their biggest hit in the desperate hope of a last creaky appearance on Top Of The Pops. That’s a behavioural pattern we understand. But Cope hasn’t conformed to it. Instead he has become some kind of weird heathen archaeologist who calls himself a shaman and an “erudite barbarian”. So as with Silbury, we find ourselves asking: what is Julian Cope for?

Over a cup of tea in his kitchen, he sets out to explain. First, the outfit. He is dressed, he insists, as “a cartoon Nazi” rather than a real one. The other day he was with his friend Merrick, a road protestor, drinking beer at the childhood home of DH Lawrence, where Cope is working on his debut novel. “Merrick was saying that the reason he could accept the way I looked was that it’s so beyond what is socially acceptable ... What’s funny for me is when, say, I am filling up at a petrol station on the M4. I get out of the car, and it’s almost as if I am invisible because it’s so ridiculously over the top.”

Nobody says anything because they assume he can’t possibly be serious, can’t really be anti-semitic? “Exactly. Who would be that extreme?”

The Nazi look began as a way of winding up a neighbour, who has long been unhappy with his presence in the village. But it has grown in significance, and now represents both Cope’s refusal to accept a dull middle age (“You don’t have to be an old tosser”) and his general love of confrontation. He was bullied as a child growing up in the Midlands, but when he was 12, he bested the class bully by throwing his arms around his neck and kissing him; in that moment he discovered that in weirdness there could be strength, a tactic which has characterised his entire career. On the wall next to the downstairs loo, a commemorative disc marks 250,000 sales of the 1981 single Reward. The Teardrop Explodes were part of the post-punk Liverpool scene. At one point it looked as if they might become one of the biggest acts of the era, but they split acrimoniously and druggily in 1982.

As a solo artist, Cope continued to make music with mixed commercial success. He released two massively acclaimed records in the early 1990s – Peggy Suicide and Jehovahkill – but his label dropped him. Since then he has recorded for his own imprint, Head Heritage, and distributed albums via his website. His music is increasingly out there, but some of it is brilliant.

His most recent album, Dark Orgasm, is a heavy rock record dedicated to freedom and equality for women (he recently played a gig in Belgium wearing a burka). It is also an attack on organised religion, which is why the album artwork bears the slogan F*** The Pope. It will be interesting to see how that goes down in the west of Scotland when he performs at the Burns An A’ That festival.

Dark Orgasm includes a song called I Found A New Way To Love Her, featuring the lyric “Just like Ken Bigley/I’m losing my head on account of you”, a reference to the civil engineer who was kidnapped and beheaded by an Islamist group in Baghdad in 2004.

“I was really shocked by it,” Cope says of his song. “But I think art should be shocking. The artist has to be shocking even to himself.” Isn’t that lyric cruel, though? “Very cruel. But that was part of it. There was an element about the Ken Bigley thing that meant it had to be cruel. That guy lost his head, and it wasn’t a clean cut either. It was a disgusting way to die. But I have to say for all that I am anti-religion, I have far more respect for Islam than for Christianity because I know where I stand with Islam. To me, a religion is good if you are fearful of it.”

He continues in this vein for a while then returns to his initial point. “For me, as an artist, I think I have to go to those places ... My job is to be constantly beating the bounds, to see how far we can go. Every so often – boom! – something will explode in my face, and I will have gone too far.”

Is that what happened with the Ken Bigley line? “No, I don’t think so, because I think it summed up what the 21st century is about. Do you think I went too far?”

I suggest it may have been hurtful to people who knew Bigley to exploit his name as a simile. He mulls this over. “I think, really, everything is funny,” he says. “If I was taken and dismembered and torn apart, I would expect people to make a joke about it, I really would. There’s always been a part of me that semi-expects that.”

That expects to be dismembered? “Yeah. I’m an extreme artist.”

He turns down a conversational side road, reminiscing about the time he was in Armenia, then rejoins the main route of our discussion. “The most shocking lyric that I ever heard was when the Sex Pistols did Bodies. It was an anti-abortion song, and they did it just after my girlfriend had an abortion. It was so weird. The idea of the Sex Pistols doing a song like that was so unlikely that to me it made them so real. The song was pointing at me because I was the guy who just facilitated the abortion. I was 19 and would have thought Johnny Rotten was on my side, but he wasn’t. That summed it up for me. The truth is aiming for something that is beyond what’s acceptable.”

I ask about his daughters, Albany and Avalon, who are 14 and 12. They don’t listen to his music, he says, and they find it a little weird when the parents of their friends are aware of who he is. “It sometimes puts me in a little of an invidious position. My youngest one, I met her best friend’s mother, who had been to see me in Oxford. She said, ‘I’d never seen you solo before. I didn’t realise you were into self-mutilation.’ I suddenly felt very compromised on a dad level that her daughter was coming round to the house of this potentially mad father.”

Self-mutiliation? There was an infamous incident at a concert in 1984 when Cope – frustrated by his own performance – shredded his stomach with the jagged end of a broken mic-stand. He still cuts himself on stage. “I believe rock’n’roll should have some blood ritual in it. But it’s impractical to do it too much. It’s just messy. So I do it as early in the tour as I can, and get it out of the way ... Some people find it very gross and gruelling.”

He gets up from the kitchen table, walks to the door and points Silbury out for me. Through his exploration of ancient sites, Cope has become known as an outdoorsman, which is ironic given that for much of the 1980s he was semi-agoraphobic. He and Dorian holed up in Drayton Bassett behind a barricaded door and covered windows; he became obsessed with Dinky cars, and converted a bedroom into a toy room which could be entered only via a secret tunnel.

What made him like that, so insular? “LSD,” he replies. “It gives you such a wonderful inner life that your outer life becomes totally unnecessary.”

He first got high as a member of The Teardrop Explodes (his memoir of the period, Head-On, ought to be subtitled How I Learned To Stop Worrying And Love The Bong) and soon discovered a love of acid trips. He stopped taking hallucinogens before the birth of Albany, but started again as part of his research for a forthcoming book on prehistoric drug use. He spends whole days tripping on the Marlborough Downs.

“I think I must be neurologically tough and have a neurologically tough family background,” he says, “because I know people who have taken a quarter of what I have taken and utterly f***ed themselves up. So I think there’s an element of luck involved.

“My mother-in-law, who is one of my main researchers, one of my muses, did say to me in 1985, ‘You must stop two years before you aim to have kids.’ She had talked to this psychedelic doctor in San Francisco called Dr Billy ... So when I went back into the psychedelics, I got in touch with my mother-in-law. There’s always a dialogue.”

Cope has been married to Dorian for 22 years. They got together in 1981 when she and a friend came to a show in Albany in upstate New York. “She’s so important,” he says. “I wouldn’t have done anything without her. She is the most mysterious woman I have ever met … I have to petition her: ‘I’ve got this idea, what do you think?’ We’ll sit down and discuss things long and hard. She is the ultimate editor for me … She’ll tell me whether something is going to be misunderstood, and I trust her.”

During their discussions, Cope and his wife refer to “Julian Cope” in the third person as a public entity distinct from Julian the husband and father. So is there a difference? “Definitely, yeah. I was invited to the House of Lords about three weeks ago for some bill on animal rights that I’ve been working on. I was actually really excited about the idea of going to the House of Lords, and Dorian said, ‘Yeah, but Julian Cope wouldn’t be excited.’ I was like, ‘Hey, you’re right!’ So I didn’t go. Because he wouldn’t have gone.”

He has the good grace to laugh at the ridiculousness of this, but it does strike to the heart of where he is at right now. He is the archetypal square peg, the pigeon who spurns holes, and his has been a 25-year journey from the margins to the mainstream and back. He is dedicated to rock’n’roll, sacred rocks and role-playing, and he would tell you that is no coincidence that he shares his initials with Jesus Christ. Julian Cope is willing to be freaky for the sake of a straight society that just doesn’t have the time; it’s an act of redemption not rebellion.

“I do it,” he grins, “on the behalf of people who are too busy paying the bills.”

Julian Cope performs at the Festival Club, Ayr, on Saturday, as part of the Burns An A’ That festival, see www.burnsfestival.com

21 May 2006

May 19, 2006

Rampart find excites historians

A dig near Malmesbury town walls has uncovered a substantial stone-fronted defensive rampart and a deep ditch which could date to the Iron Age.
Archaeologists believe the prehistoric hill fort would have had impressive multiple defences rising above the valley of the River Avon.

English Heritage said the results were very exciting and showed how important the town’s defences were.

The work was said to bring a new dimension to the story of Malmesbury.

‘Defensive rampart‘

A project spokesman said it was the first time that the area outside of the line of defences has been examined archaeologically.

The finds add to discoveries recorded during the previous investigation carried out during November 2005 during restoration work on the walls, that revealed new evidence about the nature of the town’s defences.

When the collapsing stone of the wall was removed, substantial clay deposits almost 3m (10ft) high were found. Archaeologists identified these as the upper rampart of the Iron Age hill fort on which Malmesbury was later built.

It is believed the whole of the Eastgate Bastion is an artificially constructed fortified gate (barbican) built to extend the area of the former hill fort and to provide substantial and impressive stone-built defences.

Investigations revealed evidence of a further rampart against the outer face of the lower levels of the town wall.

This consisted of burnt material including a large quantity of slag.

Archaeologists consider that this burnt material is probably Late Saxon and may date from the 8th or 9th Centuries AD.

If confirmed, it would add support to Malmesbury’s claim to be the oldest borough in England.

news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/wiltshire/4995232.stm

Cash boost for new Lakes website

A website featuring thousands of sites of archaeological interest in Cumbria’s Lake District is being set up with the help of a £171,000 grant.
The district has more than 6,500 historical attractions including Shap Abbey, Castlerigg Stone Circle and Hardknott Roman Fort.

The Lake District has 275 monuments and 1,740 listed buildings.

The project is being paid for by the Heritage Lottery Fund and run by the Lake District National Park Authority.

Lisa Keys, a former exhibition interpreter at the National Museums Liverpool, who is helping to run the project, said: “At the moment unless you are very interested in archaeology, there isn’t a particularly accessible way of finding out more details.

“By the time we’ve finished there’ll be lots of exciting ways to link into the past which everyone from schoolchildren to communities and the area’s 12 million visitors can all use.

“Most people don’t come to here to delve into history, but we want to share all this fantastic archaeology and see heritage placed on a prominent platform alongside the beautiful scenery.”

news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cumbria/4996970.stm

May 12, 2006

Clergyman told to move cross

From the Oxford Times, 12 May 2006

A clergyman has been told to move his cross or the council will move it for him.

Rev Edwin Clements, the parish priest for Hagbourne, Upton and Blewbury, erected the wooden cross at Churn Knob, an Iron Age burial mound, six years ago.

The 16ft cross marks the spot, high above Blewbury, where St Birinus gave his first sermon in 634AD, converting pagans to Christianity.

But the Vale of White Horse District Council has told Rev Clements to move it or face enforcement action despite the fact that he has planning permission for the structure.

The row surrounding the cross started in 2003 when English Heritage objected to it being placed on a scheduled ancient monument.

Mr Clements maintained it was not on the mound but had been erected next to it.

Read whole article here:
theoxfordtimes.net/news/headlines/display.var.757944.0.clergyman_told_to_move_cross.php

May 11, 2006

Brutal Lives of Stone Age Britons

From the BBC site;
news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4757861.stm

By Paul Rincon, BBC News science reporter

A survey of British skulls from the early part of the New Stone Age, or Neolithic, shows societies then were more violent than was supposed.
Early Neolithic Britons had a one in 20 chance of suffering a skull fracture at the hands of someone else and a one in 50 chance of dying from their injuries.

Details were presented at a meeting of the Society for American Archaeology and reported in New Scientist magazine.

Blunt instruments such as clubs were responsible for most of the trauma.

This is not the first time human-induced injuries have been identified in Neolithic people. But the authors say it is the first study to give some idea of the overall frequency of such trauma.

Rick Schulting of Queen’s University Belfast and Michael Wysocki from the University of Central Lancashire looked at skulls spanning the period from 4000 BC to 3200 BC.

“We generally think of Neolithic people as living peaceful lives – they were busy looking after cereal crops and rearing livestock,” Mr Wysocki told the BBC News website.

“But it was a much more violent society.”

Mortal wounds

Nearly 5% of the skulls showed healed depressed fractures. They found unhealed injuries in 2% of the sample, suggesting these individuals died from their wounds.

But the true scale of the violence still remains unclear due to the nature of the evidence, say the authors. In other simple, small-scale societies, the incidence of death as a result of violence ranges from 8-33%.

“Our data shows 2% lethal cranial injuries, but these are just cranial. The data for other societies is for all lethal injuries, but ours is limited so we can’t compare it,” Mr Wysocki said.
“A lot of lethal injuries will be to soft tissues and that needn’t affect bone.”

The researchers suspect that what they are seeing is violence at the local and regional level rather than large-scale warfare involving large sections of the country.

“We could also be seeing raiding parties, cattle rustling, somebody suspecting the other tribe across the hill is practising witchcraft,” the University of Central Lancashire forensic anthropologist explained.

“Some of the violence may be domestic, some of it may even be ritualised.”

The majority of the trauma was caused by blunt instruments which may have included improvised clubs. But a handful of fractures look like they have been inflicted by flint arrowheads and spearpoints. One of the females in the sample appears to have been the victim of a brutal attack with a stone axe.

Another indivdual with a suspected projectile fracture appears to have had their ears slashed off – a possible instance of trophy-taking, the researchers speculate.

The research originally appeared in the the Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society journal.

May 9, 2006

Proposals to recreate Stonehenge.

news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/wiltshire/4753205.stm

An ambitious project to recreate Stonehenge as it would have looked 4,000 years ago is being planned.
Fragments of only three circles remain, but quarry firm Preseli Bluestone wants to build all seven from scratch.

It is hoped the circles will be completed by 2009. The new site would be open to visitors.

An exact location is yet to be decided, but the Cotswold Water Park, which straddles Wiltshire and Gloucs, is one of several sites being considered.

Preseli Bluestone owns the quarry in Wales where the stones for the ancient Wiltshire monument originally came from.

Colin Shearing, from the company, said: “We don’t want to replicate Stonehenge as it stands today, but rather as how it would have looked when completed about 4,000 years ago.”

The new Stonehenge would be built using both modern and ancient methods which the public would be invited to watch.

The plans are in the very early stages, but the aim is to create a 21st Century ‘landmark architectural heritage sculpture’ which allows visitors to walk among, and touch, the stones.

April 25, 2006

New Carvings Found

A new pecked chevron design has been found at Barclodiad y Gawres – bringing the total of decorated slabs at the site to six. It was initially discovered by amateur archaeologists Maggie and Keith Davidson, and officially recorded by rock art experts this month. The carving is very faint, which is why it was probably overlooked when the tomb was excavated in the 1950s.

see
arts.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,1760335,00.html

April 23, 2006

Tara campaigner appealing to Supreme Court today

From an article in the Meath Chronicle by John Donohoe, published Saturday April 22nd 2006 -

Vincent Salafia, who lost the recent High Court case against the M3 motorway, is today (Wednesday) giving Notice of Appeal of the decision to the Supreme Court.

Notice will be officially given by Mr Salafia to the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government; Meath County Council; the Attorney General and the National Roads Authority, who were all parties to the case.

The challenge by Mr Salafia to the proposed route of the M3 motorway near the Hill of Tara was dismissed on all grounds by the High Court in March. Mr Justice Thomas Smyth ruled Mr Salafia was not entitled to succeed in any of his claims because of an unjustified two-year delay in bringing them. He considered all the arguments made by Mr Salafia, including claims that certain provisions of the National Monuments (Amendment) Act 2004 were unconstitutional, and rejected all of those.

The judge ruled the legislature is entitled to regulate land and road developments in the interests of the common good, even where that involves interference with property rights and national monuments.

The Act had introduced changes in relation to how national monument protections were controlled, the legislature was entitled to choose to give qualified protection to national monuments and the court could not strike down section 14 of the Act, as sought by Mr Salafia, simply because a different or better balance could have been struck, he said.

Mr Salafia had asked the court to make a declaration that the greater Tara landscape – the Hill of Tara/Skryne Valley – is a national monument or a complex or series of national monuments within the meaning of the National Monuments Act, but the judge declined to do so. Mr Justice Smyth said there were differences between Mr Salafia and between Mr Salafia’s experts as to what constituted the core Tara area.

In those circumstances and in the absence of any representation in the proceedings for people in the Tara area who would be directly affected by such a declaration, it was not permissible for the court to make any such declaration.

Among other key findings of Mr Justice Smyth was that even if the Supreme Court upheld arguments in its forthcoming judgment on the Carrickmines Castle case that Section 8 of the National Monuments Amendment Act was unconstitutional, he was satisfied that protections for national monuments, which he held were built in to Section 14 of the same Act, were “constitutionally sound”.

Meanwhile, TaraWatch, a group supporting Mr Salafia’s case, says it will continue to lobby the Government to halt work in the Tara Skryne Valley on all archaeological sites. While TaraWatch maintains that all monuments in the valley are part of the national monument of Tara, by association, two newly discovered monuments at Collierstown and Baronstown are discrete national monuments in their own right, and should be protected.

The NRA archaeologist, Mary Deevy, points out that these sites have not been fully excavated yet, and were included in the report furnished to Minister Dick Roche prior to his decision on excavations along the route. They are known about since 2004.

Preliminary topsoil testing and removal was carried out on the sites which are possible prehistoric or early medieval. The Baronstown site is a large ditched enclosure complex which was a possible ritual enclosure or settlement complex, while the Collierstown site, a single pit with an intact pot, was a burial site.

Irish Independent: Motorway challenge heads for Supreme Court

Tarawatch – Thursday, April 20th 2006

Campaigners battling to re-route the controversial M3 motorway away from the Hill of Tara yesterday served Environment Minister Dick Roche with notice of a Supreme Court challenge to the project.

Lawyer Vincent Salafia revealed he was appealing a High Court ruling clearing the way for the divisive road which snakes its way through the ancient capital of Ireland’s kings.

But he said with a general election due next year he was still hopeful the Government would try to appease voters by doing a U-turn on the project.

“While the case is proceeding logically to the Supreme Court, and Europe if necessary, we are still hoping for a political decision by the authorities to review the situation and consider re-routing the Tara section of motorway,” he said.

“With an election coming up, the Government is acutely aware that 70pc of people surveyed nationally in 2005 said they wanted the motorway rerouted away from Tara.

“The M3 actually goes over 3km off course to the east, to split the Tara valley, which has few inhabitants. If it went the same distance in the opposite direction it would service Trim and save Tara.”

Mr Salafia lost his High Court challenge to the M3 last May. He claimed the National Monuments Act 2004 was unconstitutional, because it did not pass the test laid out by Justice Laffoy in the M50/Carrickmines Castle case.

In that hearing she recognised the constitutional imperative on the Stateto protect the nationalheritage.

Ultimately campaigners believe the case will go to the European Courts with Strasbourg judges asked to rule on the route on the basis that Tara is part of European heritage, not just Irish.

groups.yahoo.com/group/hilloftara/message/663

April 11, 2006

Hill of Tara case costs awarded against objector

From an article by Mary Carolan, published by the Irish Times on Thursday, March 16th 2006 -

Environmentalist Vincent Salafia was ordered by the High Court yesterday to pay a legal costs bill, which could exceed €600,000, arising from his unsuccessful challenge to the proposed routing of the M3 motorway near the Hill of Tara.

However, Mr Salafia is appealing to the Supreme Court against the High Court’s rejection of his case earlier this month and his lawyers are expected to ask the Supreme Court to put a stay on payment of the costs pending the outcome of the appeal.

Mr Justice Thomas Smyth yesterday rejected arguments on behalf of Mr Salafia, of Dodder Vale, Churchtown, that he should be given the costs of his proceedings and instead directed that Mr Salafia pay the costs incurred by the State, Meath County Council and the National Roads Authority in opposing his case.

The judge said it was his view that Mr Salafia had acted out of “a personal dislike” of the proposed M3 route and there were no special circumstances in the case that would justify awarding costs to him.

While Mr Salafia was entitled to espouse a career regarding the environment or as a “professional objector”, public funds should not be spent on a case aimed at rerouting a road to protect the sources of Mr Salafia’s study interest, which were not national monuments, the judge said.

He awarded costs of the respondents against Mr Salafia and refused an application by Mr Colm MacEochaidh, for Mr Salafia, to put a stay on the costs order in the event of an appeal. A stay was a matter for the Supreme Court, he said.

Afterwards, Mr Salafia said that while his action was taken on an individual basis, he had the support of many people in Ireland and internationally. He said national monuments have been discovered at Tara and work there should cease immediately. “The Irish people’s greatest treasures continue to be pilfered.”

Mr Salafia had initiated proceedings in 2005 challenging ministerial directions relating to the treatment of archaeological works on the M3 route. An Bord Pleanála had granted permission for the road scheme in late 2003 and the High Court had said Mr Salafia should have initiated his challenge then.

Mr Salafia had argued he was involved at that time in the campaign to save Carrickmines Castle and believed there would be no interference with national monuments at Tara because of legislation then in force.

It was argued he could not be expected to know the Government would in 2004 introduce the National Monuments Amendment Act which, Mr Salafia claimed, removed the existing protections for national monuments.

In his judgment of March 1st dismissing Mr Salafia’s challenge, Mr Justice Smyth found the delay in bringing the case disentitled Mr Salafia to any of the reliefs he had sought. The judge also found Mr Salafia did not have the necessary legal standing to bring his case and rejected claims that the disputed provisions of the 2004 Act were unconstitutional.

Ruling on costs yesterday, the judge said Mr Salafia had given an “unconvincing” explanation for not bringing his case earlier and he had substantially lost on all the issues raised. The litigation had cost time, money and effort and the costs should not come out of the public purse, the judge added.

On complaints by Mr Salafia that his case suffered because of the ruling against hearing oral evidence from archaeologists and experts, the judge said there was never any assurance that such oral evidence would be heard. It was not the fault of the respondents that Mr Salafia’s case did “not live up to its billing”, he said.

Save Tara!

European Court of Justice may have final say over heritage dispute

From an article published by the Irish Times on Thursday, March 2nd 2006 -

The battle for Tara is not over yet, writes Frank McDonald, Environment Editor

The odds were stacked against anyone succeeding in a legal action against the M3. So it is not surprising that the High Court has found in favour of Minister for the Environment Dick Roche and his “directions” allowing this controversial motorway to snake past the Hill of Tara.

The 2004 National Monuments (Amendment) Act rewrote heritage protection legislation in such a drastic manner that the Minister was given sole discretion in deciding whether any archaeological site is a national monument and what to do with it – including authorising its demolition.

That was Martin Cullen’s contribution to the statute books following the row over Carrickmines Castle in south Co Dublin, when archaeologists and conservationists were blamed for holding up completion of the M50. The Government was determined this wouldn’t happen again. However, the Supreme Court has yet to rule on the final appeal in the Carrickmines case by Dominic Dunne and, in particular, on his challenge to the constitutionality of the 1994 legislation.

The court’s tardiness – it recently deferred its decision for the fourth time – may have proved fatal for the Tara case.

Mr Justice Thomas Smyth referred to the appeal before the Supreme Court in his lengthy judgment yesterday. But its tone and content suggests that he would have ruled against plaintiff Vincent Salafia anyway, on other grounds – including his delay in taking the action in the first place.

Mr Justice Smyth had ruled that it was not necessary to call expert witnesses and have them cross-examined. This hampered the plaintiff because it meant that the court did not hear from, for example, Dr Pat Wallace, director of the National Museum of Ireland.

Dr Wallace made it clear to Mr Roche last April that he opposed routing the M3 through the Tara valley, arguing that it is an archaeological landscape that deserves to be protected. He was particularly critical of the Blundelstown interchange, just 1.2 kilometres north of the ancient capital of Ireland’s kings.

It might also have been instructive to hear oral evidence from the Government’s Chief Archaeologist, Brian Duffy, who backed the National Roads Authority and Meath County Council, even to the extent of suggesting that the M3 motorway itself would become part of Tara’s legacy in the years to come.

His perverse view was strongly opposed in affidavits by three leading experts on Tara – Dr Edel Bhreathnach, Dr Conor Newman and Joe Fenwick – who argued that Tara must be seen as part of a much wider archaeological landscape which would be irreparably damaged by a motorway running right through it. Mr Roche could have decided that the NRA and Meath County Council would have to go back to the drawing boards and devise an alternative route. Instead, he chose to issue “directions” on how the 38 Archaeological sites along the existing route should be treated.

The “directions” he issued on May 11th last were carefully crafted to suggest that the interests of Ireland’s heritage were being looked after, thereby (hopefully) fire-proofing his decision against legal challenge. However, in the absence of a Supreme Court ruling on the Carrickmines appeal and the thorny issue of whether the 2004 National Monuments (Amendment) Act fulfils the onus on the State to protect our heritage, this confidence may be misplaced. The battle, in other words, is not yet over.

Even if the Supreme Court was to rule that the 2004 legislation is constitutional and subsequently rejected an appeal by Mr Salafia against yesterday’s High Court judgment, the European Court of Justice may take a different view, on the basis that Tara is part of Europe’s heritage too.

Save Tara!

Challenge to M3 route near Hill of Tara rejected

Challenge to M3 route near Hill of Tara rejected
Mary Carolan

The Irish Times
Thu, Mar 02, 06

A challenge by environmentalist Vincent Salafia to the proposed route of the M3 motorway near the Hill of Tara has been dismissed on all grounds by the High Court.

Mr Justice Thomas Smyth ruled Mr Salafia was not entitled to succeed in any of his claims because of an unjustified two-year delay in bringing them. He considered all the arguments made by Mr Salafia, including claims that certain provisions of the National Monuments (Amendment) Act 2004 were unconstitutional, and rejected all of those.

The judge ruled the legislature is entitled to regulate land and road
developments in the interests of the common good, even where that involves interference with property rights and national monuments.

The Act had introduced changes in relation to how national monument protections were controlled, the legislature was entitled to choose to give qualified protection to national monuments and the court could not strike down section 14 of the Act, as sought by Mr Salafia, simply because a different or better balance could have been struck, he said.

Mr Salafia had also asked the court to make a declaration that the
greater Tara landscape – the Hill of Tara/Skryne Valley – is a national monument or a complex or series of national monuments within the meaning of the National Monuments Act but the judge declined to do so.

Mr Justice Smyth said there were differences between Mr Salafia and between Mr Salafia’s experts as to what constituted the core Tara area.

In those circumstances and in the absence of any representation in the proceedings for people in the Tara area who would be directly affected by such a declaration, it was not permissible for the court to make any such declaration.

Among other key findings of Mr Justice Smyth was that even if the
Supreme Court upheld arguments in its forthcoming judgment on the Carrickmines Castle case that section 8 of the National Monuments Amendment Act was unconstitutional, he was satisfied that protections for national monuments, which he held were built in to section 14 of the same Act, were “constitutionally sound”.

He adjourned the case to March 14th when he is expected to rule on the issue of the costs of the proceedings, which ran for seven hearing days.

Mr Salafia, Dodder Vale, Churchtown, Dublin, had sought to overturn directions given by the Minister for the Environment in July 2005 regarding the carrying out of archaeological works on the site of the M3. He also challenged the constitutionality of section 14 of the 2004 Act on the grounds it gave the Minister an unreviewable and unfettered discretion to remove protections for national monuments.

The judge found the Minister had properly and lawfully issued his
directions, which related to an “approved” road development, under the correct section of the National Monuments Act – section 14.A.2.

There was no objection to the content of the directions.

The minister was not obliged to give directions which would modify the M3 route in any material way and had carefully considered material from Meath County Council regarding 38 archaeological discoveries made during test trenching of the M3 route, he said. The Minister had also considered detailed advice from the director of the National Museum.

He rejected Mr Salafia’s argument that the directions should have been issued under section 14.A.4 of the Act.

The Minister was required to issue directions under section 14.A.4 only if a national monument had been discovered during the road project and no such discovery had been made, he said. None of Mr Salafia’s experts had made claims to that effect.

He dismissed the claim that section 14.A.4 was unconstitutional because it gave the Minister an unfettered discretion to permit interference with national monuments and failed to set out principles and policies to govern that discretion. He said principles and policies were set out in the National Monuments Acts.

Earlier, Mr Justice Smyth said there was an obligation to bring
judicial review challenges promptly.

=====

April 7, 2006

Beltane at Thornborough Henge Update

Hi folks,

Here’s the latest on Beltane at Thornborough Henge 2006.

Sunday 30th April, 12pm onwards, Thornborough Henge, near Ripon, North Yorkshire.

Everyone welcome, admission FREE!

Visit the event website:
sacredbrigantia.com

Camping:

Camping is available for the entire weekend for £3 a night. Please get in touch soon if you would like details and directions.

Stalls:

If you want to set up a stall to sell your wares or provide refreshments, please get in touch and let us know that you are coming. Stall-holders can keep all the money they make, all we ask is that they do something to contribute to the ambience of the festival (We’ll leave he details up to you).

Do your own thing!

After the main ceremony, which we will be performing to celebrate Beltane, we are encouraging as many people as possible to perform their own rituals and ceremonies. There is plenty of room in the Henge for everyone who wants to, to celebrate the coming of summer in accordance with their own beliefs.

Get involved:

The success of an FREE event like this depends on the involvement as many people as possible. We are still looking for people to participate in the main ceremony and help with other aspects of running the event. Musicians, performers, jugglers, drummers, didgeridoo players etc., your contributions would be especially welcome!

Either email us: [email protected]

Or, for an up to date list of things that we need, visit:
sacredbrigantia.com /help

Thanks for your time and hopefully see you soon.

Beltane Blessings!

April 4, 2006

Hopes rise for "an end to Stonehenge neglect"

Hopes rise for “an end to Stonehenge neglect”

Campaigners for early improvements to the surroundings of Stonehenge have expressed delight that a number of high profile organisations have now called for the same thing.

“Everyone who has visited Stonehenge knows what a mess the surroundings are” said George Chaplin of Timewatch. “There is a lot to do, yet there has been nothing but talking and arguing for years. But it struck us that some first steps could be taken almost straight away, particularly closing part of the side road that runs right past the stones, and that everyone would agree about that. So we got together with Heritage Action and launched a call for “Achievable Stonehenge”, obvious improvements that could be started very soon without waiting for the longer term issues to be finalised.”

“It seems we really struck a chord” said fellow campaigner Nigel Swift of Heritage Action. “Everyone seems to think it is a great idea and this week the whole concept has had a huge boost. A group of major heritage organisations like the National Trust, the Council for British Archaeology, Friends of the Earth and lots of others have issued a joint press release calling for the same approach.”

“The government is due to make an announcement about the whole Stonehenge issue this summer” added Mr Swift. “They are running a public consultation to gauge opinion and it looks as if the public is very clear about this issue at least and definitely wants the job tackled in two stages with the first stage made a matter of urgency. We are hoping that a huge number of people will sign our petition. If we can achieve that, then together with the call from the other organisations, the government will be sent a message that can’t be ignored.”

The “Stop the Neglect of Stonehenge” campaign and petition can be seen at heritageaction.org/?page=heritagealerts_stonehenge

Heritage Action have illustrated the simplicity of their idea by releasing “before” and “after” photographs of Stonehenge.

March 29, 2006

Blueprint aims to protect future of Iron Age hill fort

From an article by Joanne Ginley in Yorkshire Post Today:

A conservation blueprint to safeguard the future of Huddersfield’s historic Castle Hill site, regarded as one of Yorkshire’s most important early Iron Age hill forts, is set to be approved.
Castle Hill, which can be seen for miles around, is a scheduled ancient monument and has been settled for at least 4,000 years. Experts regard it as one of West Yorkshire’s most significant archaeological sites.

The site, at Almondbury, was recently mired in controversy after a developer part-built a hotel which did not match plans approved by Kirklees Council.

The council took the developer to court and the hotel has since been demolished.

Now a draft conservation management plan has been produced by Leeds-based consultancy Atkins Heritage, which councillors are set to back tomorrow. If approved by a Kirklees Council cabinet committee it will eventually guide the future use and development of the site and ensure that guidelines are in place to shape its conservation and any new development.

Councillors will also be asked to back measures to address decay. These include resurfacing the car park, new off-site parking, improving footpaths, repairing erosion and damaged areas and creating a picnic area.

If members back the measures, council officers will draw up detailed proposals and costings.
It is proposed that the work would take place over the next two years.

Read the full article at...

yorkshiretoday.co.uk/ViewArticle2.aspx?SectionID=1084&ArticleID=1325386

March 28, 2006

£160K stone repair

From today’s Daily Record:

“A giant stone penis is to be repaired at a cost of more than £160,000. Work starts today on the crumbling 2500-year-old Mannan Stone, which stands on a plinth in the centre of Clackmannan.”

March 21, 2006

March 18, 2006

Bahn Lecture

Paul Bahn finishes a series of six Rhind lectures, “Art on the Rocks”, tomorrow at the National Museum of Scotland. I managed to get to three on the Saturday. All were hugely informative, entertaining thought provoking and at times very funny. The one that would be of interest to most was “The Emperor’s New Clothes”. I won’t twitter too much so here’s wee synopsis.

It appears that there is not that much opposition, other than Bahn himself, to the David Lewis Williams’ shamanic hypothesis but he pointed out that a majority of Neurophysiologists and Ice Age experts do not accept it and that in South Africa the experts on the ethnography of the tribes cited disagree entirely with him as does the “Stan” of South Africa, Bert Woodhouse. More importantly Tribesmen when asked their opinion on the carvings never mention shaman, this applies to other continents as well as Africa and oddly an area that provides some positive ethnography to the theory has no RA. A great iconoclastic attack that might help redress the balance. The theory has replaced the old hunting and sympathetic magic type explanations and likes lots of archaeo mantras it makes for lazy thinking. Nobody is denying the importance or existence of shamanism to many cultures but we have no evidence for it being an explanation for RA here, and as Paul would have it anywhere else. For me the Lewis – Williams books were stimulating reads that will probably influence thinking in this area for a generation but like a lot of big archaeo ideas the cracks were visible a while ago and are getting bigger.

March 15, 2006

Perthshire Archaeology Month 27 May – 25 June 2006

the events for Perthshire Archaeology Month have just been announced, running from 27 May – 25 June 2006

https://www.perthshire.co.uk/index.asp?tm=49

some megalithic highlights:

The Cleaven Dyke, Meikleour: a guided walk
Monday, 29th May and Tuesday 20th June: 1400-1600: Blairgowrie

A guided walk led by archaeologists from PKHT along one of Perthshire’s premier archaeological sites. Long thought to be Roman military vallum, the excavation has since proved it to be a “cursus” monument of the Neolithic period, dating to before 3600 BC. The monument, which is over 2 km long and consists of an earthwork bank flanked by ditches, acted as a key ritual site throughout prehistory. Grade of walk: Easy.

Free, but pre-booking essential. To book contact: David Strachan, Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust (01738) 477081.

Dunsinnan Hillfort Guided Walk
Wednesday 31st May and Thursday 22nd June: 1400–1600: Collace

Back by popular demand – a guided walk to one of Perthshire’s best preserved hill-forts, with spectacular views over Strathmore and the Tay. Attributed as the Dunsinane of Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Dunsinnan has much earlier, prehistoric origins. The walk we will explore all aspects of the archaeology on the hill, from prehistoric cup marked rocks to the idea that the fort may have been occupied during the life of Macbeth and King Duncan. Grade of walk: Moderate.

Free, but pre-booking essential. To book contact: Sarah Winlow, Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust (01738) 477080.

The Archaeology of the Sma’ Glen
Thursday 1st June: 1100-1630: The Sma’ Glen

Discover the wealth of archaeological sites surviving nestled within one of Perthshire’s most dramatic small glens. From the Roman fort of Fendoch and it’s watch-tower, to Ossian’s stone and the 18th century fermtouns and General Wade’s road and bridges. An enlightening afternoon in one of the areas best loved spots. Grade of walk: Moderate.

Charge £5 per head: pre-booking essential. To book contact: David Strachan, Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust (01738) 477081.

Fortingall: Imprints of the Ages
Thursday 1st and Tuesday 13th June: 1000–1230 and 1400-1630: Fortingall

Join members of Breadalbane Heritage Society on a guided walk of Fortingall and its environs, covering everything from prehistoric long barrow and stone circles to the distinctive work of the Arts and Crafts architect, James Maclaren, who created the model village that stands today. The tour will end with the church, which contains an excellent collection of Pitcish stones, amongst other evidence of an early Christian monastic settlement, and the famous yew tree. Grade of walk: Easy.

Free though donations appreciated. Pre-booking is essential. Join the walk for the whole day or for either the morning or afternoon session only. Depending on demand, a mini-bus may run from Kenmore to Fortingall. To book Contact: Gillian Hull, Breadalbane Heritage Society (01887) 840380.

Archaeology around Moulin and Pitlochry
Friday 2nd June: 1000–1300: Moulin/Pitlcohry

A Guided tour by coach and on foot visiting Dunfallandy Pictish Stone, Bronze Age hut circles on Moulin Moor and the Black Castle of Moulin – weather permitting includes walk along part of the old road between Moulin and Strathardle to a prominent cup marked rock. The tour will be led by Isobel Hughes of Moulin and Pitlochry History Circle. Grade of walk: Moderate.

Charge: £5.00 per head for minibus. No dogs allowed. To book contact: Pitlochry Tourist Information Centre (01796) 472215.

Fowlis Wester: Standing Stones, Picts and World War Two
Saturday 3rd June: 1100–1400: Fowlis Wester

People have lived in and around Fowlis Wester since prehistoric times and this walk will explore some of that rich history and the fascinating series of monuments it has left for us. Bring a packed lunch if you want to enjoy the optional afternoon extension to the walk. Grade of walk: Moderate.

Free, but pre-booking essential. To book contact: Mark Hall, Perth Museum (01738) 632488.

Historic Dunning Guided Walk
Saturday 3rd and Saturday 17th June: 1430–1600: Dunning

Join members of Dunning Parish Historical Society for a guided walk around Dunning, beginning at the fountain in Tron Square, and find out more about the archaeology and history in Dunning and the surrounding area. The walk will cover many themes from prehistoric standing stones and Roman camps to St. Serf’s church and the Dupplin cross, where there will be an opportunity to be shown around by Historic Scotland staff. Grade of walk: Easy.

Free but pre-booking essential. To book contact: Simon Warren, Dunning Parish Historical Society (01764) 684523.

Woodland Quest: Ancient loch-dwellers, Woods and Wildlife
Sunday 4th, Wednesday 7th, Wednesday 14th, Sunday 18th June and Friday the 23rd June: 1000-1700: Kenmore, Loch Tay

Celebrate Iron Age ingenuity and interaction with the environment. Collect an ‘Eye-Spy’ pack from the Scottish Crannog Centre and explore the loch-side trail. Spot clues and collect evidence for prize draw entry. Free Grade: Easy.

Free, no booking required. For further details contact: The Scottish Crannog Centre. Kenmore, Loch Tay (01887) 830583.

Blackfaulds and Druid’s Wood stone circles
Friday 9th and Friday 16th June: 1430–1630: Guildtown

Come and explore two of Perthshire’s less frequented stone circles as a taster for the Stone Circles Trail. Walk leader Mark Hall (Perth Museum and Art Gallery). Grade of walk: Easy.

Free but pre-booking essential. To book contact: Mark Hall, Perth Museum (01738) 632488.

Dundurn Hill
Tuesday 13th June: 1330–1600: St. Fillans

Accompany Countryside Rangers from Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park on a walk up Dundurn hill in St. Fillans. Occupying a craggy knoll, this Iron Age fort became a principal Pictish stronghold. Discover more about its origins, and also St. Faolan, the Celtic missionary who gave the village its most recent name. With great views of Loch Earn from the top, there is also a chance to cure your rheumatism by lying on St. Fillans’ Chair! Grade of walk: Moderate/Hard.

Free, but pre-booking essential. To book contact: Linda Winskill, Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park (01567) 830430.

Craig Rossie Hillfort Guided Walk
Saturday 17th June: 1400–1700: Auchterarder

A guided walk, led by Mark Hall of Perth Museum, exploring the hillforts of Craig Rossie, with its spectacular views of Strathearn. Free but pre-booking essential. Grade of walk: Moderate/Hard (steep in places).

To book contact: Mark Hall, Perth Museum (01738) 632488.

Barry Hillfort Guided Walk
Saturday 24th June: 1430–1600: Alyth

A guided walk, led by Mark Hall of Perth Museum, up to the heights of Barry Hillfort with its massive defences and commanding views of Strathmore. Grade of walk: Moderate.

Free, but pre-booking essential. To book contact: Mark Hall, Perth Museum (01738) 632488.

Hands On the Past! An Archaeological Activity Day
Saturday 27th May: 1130–1530: Perth

Perth Young Archaeologists’ Club and Perth Museum and Art Gallery present a day of fun activities for all the family. Handle prehistoric artefacts, identify bones, try ancient crafts and piece together pottery; even have a go at excavation in our ‘dig box’.

Free, but pre-booking for the dig box is essential. To book contact: Perth Museum and Art Gallery (01738) 632488. For more about Perth Young Archaeologists’ Club contact: Sarah Winlow (01738) 477080.

Fun with Fibres: The Scottish Crannog Centre
Monday, 29th May: 1100-1600: Kenmore, Loch Tay

This spinning, weaving, and dying gala day is inspired by underwater discoveries of ancient textiles. Try your hand at rope-making, watch weavers at work, make a dye-bath, spin colourful yarns or grasp the nettle to make string. Hands-on fun for all ages.

Normal admissions apply: Adults £4.95. Seniors £4.25 Children £3.25 Families from £14.50 – including tour of the Crannog. Contact: The Scottish Crannog Centre. Kenmore, Loch Tay (01887) 830583.

Come and Try Underwater Archaeology: The Scottish Crannog Centre
Saturday, 3rd June: 1000-1300: Kenmore, Loch Tay

Meet Scotland’s ‘Underwater Time Team’ from the Scottish Crannog Centre and try out scuba and archaeology in the local swimming pool pool for ages 8+. Pre-Booking essential.

Charge: £15 per 45 minute session, meet at the Kenmore Club Resort pool. To book Contact: The Scottish Crannog Centre. Kenmore, Loch Tay (01887) 830583.

March 11, 2006

Dig Planned for Lakes Beauty Spot

news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cumbria/4795288.stm

Archaeologists hope to unearth Bronze Age treasures after receiving £50,000 to help fund a dig in a Cumbria valley. The three-year project in the Duddon Valley in the south west of the Lake District, will be carried out by professional archaeologists.

Much of the work will focus on the cairn at Seathwaite Tarn – a mound of landmark and burial stones.

The project is costing £133,000 in total and is being supported by the Lake District National Park Authority.

Archaeologists will be helped by university students, volunteers and members of the Duddon Valley History Group.

Park Authority senior archaeologist John Hodgson said: “The valley is a quiet and scenic part of the Lake District National Park.

“However, its quiet character masks a very long history of occupation. A wealth of physical remains exist from this long period, much of which has not been recorded.”

March 10, 2006

Path cleared

I have just received the minutes from Penwith Access and Rights of Way Forum (Feb 2006)

In them it states that the access gate on the permissive path to Boscawenoon (sic) stone circle has been repaired and rehung and that the definitive path has been trimmed back hard of brambles and gorse by local volunteers and a new way marker installed at the start of the path.

March 6, 2006

Bertie’s buds vandalising our past

An unexpected comment in the Sunday World, written by Paddy Murray –

There will have been, I don’t doubt, unbridled joy in the Department of the environment – an Orwellian name if ever there was one – at the news the vandalising of Tara, is actually, legal. It quite simply beggars belief that we are to preserve a nondescript building on Moore Street because Pádraig Pearse and some of the other 1916 leaders spent, at most, a couple of days there while at the same time we bulldoze through the part of the country that was, without argument, the cradle of our identity for thousands of years.

What a pity Pádraig Pearse never stopped in the Tara Skryne Valley to have a slash against a tree. If he had, Bertie and rest of the increasingly green Fianna Failers – with Dick Roche on their coattails – would be damning those calling for the destruction of an area of such national importance.

Sadly, though, the country is in the hands of Philistines – it is run by people who give the appearance of never having read a book, at least not one without a pictures in it. It is administered by those for whom profit is everything and culture is nothing. I hope they call it the Dick Roche motorway – future generations are entitled to know who vandalised our history.

March 3, 2006

Coming Soon: Thornborough Theme Park

(Well. Probably not.)

The man who created the Lightwater Valley theme park wants to turn the ancient Thornborough Henges into a tourist attraction.
Landowner Robert Staveley outlined his ideas at a public meeting called by West Tanfield Parish Council on Wednesday.

Mr Staveley said he aimed to create a car park and visitor centre, build a ‘transport system’ around the site and recreate the southernmost henge so visitors could see how it would have looked when it was built more than 5,000 years ago.

He said the henge mound would be covered in a membrane and earth added on top so as not to harm the archaeology.

“At the moment, when people come here they are so disappointed because there is so little there,” he said.

He added his plans were at a very early stage and more discussion would need to take place.

George Chaplain, of heritage campaign group, TimeWatch, who was at Wednesday’s meeting, said: “Mr Staveley’s proposals were not quite as frightening as they could have been.

“But I am concerned about recreating the southern henge. I would like to see entry to Thornborough Henges remain free of charge – I worry he is looking at it purely from a commercial perspective.”

Last week quarry firm Tarmac was refused planning permission to expand its current operations near the henges because of the importance of the site.

Commenting on Mr Staveley’s tourism scheme, a spokesman for the firm said: “We see no conflict in principle between tourists visiting the henges and continuation of our quarry at Nosterfield with the useful employment it provides.

“Visitors already come to the Nosterfield Quarry visitor centre and viewing area which opened last year – it is free and is popular with birdwatchers and walkers.”
03 March 2006
nidderdaletoday.co.uk/ViewArticle2.aspx?SectionID=22&ArticleID=1372826

March 2, 2006

Nebra Sky Disc Deciphered

“A group of German scientists has deciphered the meaning of one of the most spectacular archeological discoveries in recent years: The mystery-shrouded sky disc of Nebra was used as an advanced astronomical clock.

The purpose of the 3,600 year-old sky disc of Nebra, which caused a world-wide sensation when it was brought to the attention of the German public in 2002, is no longer a matter of speculation.

A group of German scholars who studied this archaeological gem has discovered evidence which suggests that the disc was used as a complex astronomical clock for the harmonization of solar and lunar calendars.”

Full Deutsche Welle article

February 28, 2006

Iron Age boat goes on display

A boat dating back to the Iron Age has gone on show at a Lincoln museum. The log boat, which has undergone four years of conservation work, is now on display at the city’s new archaeological museum – The Collection.

It was discovered in Fiskerton, Nottinghamshire in 2001, while the Environment Agency was carrying out improvement work on flood defences.

The 7m-long (23ft) oak boat will complete the museum’s display of Iron Age finds from the region.

news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/lincolnshire/4756986.stm

The gallery’s website is
lincolnshire.gov.uk/ccm/
There is a search facility so you can see some of their archaeological objects.