Translation
The TMA translation of Bryn Celli Ddu is a little lacking, so language experts Sheila Thorn and Jill Evans were approached for help.
Sheila is freshly returned from teaching at Oxford, whilst Jill hails from near the site.
The reply was:
"Well, your email has been circulated and discussed by Jill, her mother, her best friend and a Welsh speaker in the pub and it's Black Grove Hill/Mound.
Your pronunciation was fine. [brin kethlee dhee] The double –ll is pronounced as a cle (i.e. opening your mouth and putting your tongue up to the top of your mouth and blowing air out via your cheeks) and the Ddu is pronounced as thee, but with the tongue kept pressed behind your two front teeth, rather than removed immediately, as when an English person says thee.
Jill has known about that mound all her life, as she's from Llanrwst and often used to go to Anglesea. She loved the photos she found on the Internet."
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Belas Knap and Bryn Celli Ddu
Belas Knap and Bryn Celli Ddu
Both of these barrows have special standing stones inside a covered chamber.
The small standing stones within Belas Knap are unusual, since they have seven dowsable horizontal bands, whereas most stones of this size only have five. These can be verified by a sensitive magnetometer.
The free-standing stone within Bryn Celli Ddu is unusual, since it is a fossilised tree trunk, showing horizontal cut marks, made while the tree was still alive. This was probably caused by an animal claw, since fossilising wood is usually too slow for it to have been done by human hand.
We deduce that free-standing stones, surrounded by a chamber, are deliberately chosen on the basis of rare characteristics, which were obvious to neolithic peoples, but not so obvious to us.
The unique nature of the Bryn Celli Ddu menhir was only noticed when the inside of the mound was being filmed, requiring very bright lighting, making tiny surface details readily apparent.
The unusual nature of the Belas Knap menhirs was only noticed when dowsers crawled to into the mound and experimented in the gloom.
Sometimes erosion knocks out obvious deductions.
Bryn Celli Ddu is built upon three concentric circles of upright stones, which makes perfect sense as a barrow, but when the earth has been removed, the remaining circles are mystifying. Hence the people filming Bryn Celli Ddu also filmed the concentric circles on Dartmoor without realising their purpose.
This illustrates the value of a multi-disciplinary approach, where archaeology, geology, dowsing and physics combine to reveal a previously unknown aspect of our heritage.
The threads of this argument were brought together from the following sources:
(1) '' Standing With Stones'' DVD by Michael Bott & Rupert Soskin
(2) '' Disciplines Of Dowsing'' Liz Poraj Wilczynska and Tom Graves
(3) '' Barrows in England and Wales '' by Lesley Grinsell
(4) '' The Modern Antiquarian '' by Julian Cope
(5) '' Dartmoor Atlas of Antiquities '' by Jeremy Butler
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Prof Thom Updates from Michael Wilson
Archaeologist Michael Wilson has done excellent work confirming and refining the theories of Professor Thom, as published in Antiquity magazine - see
http://antiquity.ac.uk/ProjGall/wilson/index.html
Working in southern Ireland, Wilson gives details of lunar and solar alignments, in relation to the anatomy of the horizon, with additional details of how stone circles could be used to predict eclipses, plus how burial monuments are positioned in the landscape.
He will eventually publish a book, but in the meantime, the Antiquity article is essential reading for anyone interested in henges and barrows.
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Ley Line Physics
Ley Line Physics
English: lots of stuff can chuck out a ley line
Jargon: combinations of mineral and water can emit energy, such as blackband ironstone below chalk and flint
English: mind-bogglingly tiny particles do not move in straight lines, they move in waves, just like radio and sound
Jargon: any quanta below the Planck Length traverse a waveform path
English: you most often find ley lines as a group of seven parallel dowsing lines, with the central line going through an ancient monument
Jargon: static waveform emissions from below ground often emerge at the surface as seven parallel bands of coherent phase output, with the central primary band passing through the main axis of an ancient feature, such as Jacob's Barrow also known as Golden Cross
English: you can get all techie and tell the energy frequency by measuring the width of the central line
Jargon: energy emission frequency = waveform propagation speed / wavelength
At Jacob's Barrow, the central primary band is 30cm wide, so the frequency is about 1 GigaHertz, which is 299,000,000 / 0.3
English: it might not be radio, it could be something else
Jargon: although electromagnetic emissions are a candidate, other types of quanta might produce a dowsing reaction, so for example, it could be a lepton signal
Acknowledgements: my thanks to Professor Jim Al-Khalili, Nuclear Physics quantum emissions expert at Surrey University, for pointing out the wide range of candidate quanta that might be responsible.
English: you can tell how deep the ley line is if there are no underground reflections from things like clay
Jargon: strata composition can cause reflections, but in favourable locations like Jacob's Barrow, you can simply use pythagorean geometry and trigonometry to determine the signal origin depth
Acknowledgements: my thanks to Laurie Booth of The British Society of Dowsers, for pointing out that dowsing reflections are extremely common, from layers of clay for example, thus making Jacob's Barrow a site with rare clarity of output. Luckily, the maths works so precisely that there is little scope for alternative explanations.
English: when you find seven parallel lines spread over about 60 metres, you've got a ley line
Jargon: the waveform emission angle repeats, often in the range 23 to 26 degrees, resulting in seven parallel lines, where the three central lines are close together, with the tertiary pair being further out and the quaternary pair being at the outer limit of the effect. Drought conditions at Jacob's Barrow gives 5.1m from central primary line to each secondary parallel line, 12.4m from primary to tertiary and 31.3m from primary to quaternary. These are widths W1, W1+W2 and W1+W2+W3.
English: you need to do trig to prove you've got a ley line
Jargon: right-angle triangles are used to check site measurements, since at the signal origin depth, distance from primary to another parallel / tangent of angle multiple is constant, so the general formula is
tangent of repeating angle = width from primary to target parallel line
For the parallel lines at Jacob's Barrow, in drought conditions:
23 degrees is the angle to secondary parallel line and tan 23 = 0.4244748
46 degrees (23 x 2) is the angle to tertiary parallel line and tan 46 = 1.0355303
69 degrees (23 x 3) is the angle to quaternary parallel line and tan 69 = 2.6050891
so W1 / (repeating angle) should equal (W1+W2) / 2(repeating angle)
W1 / tan 23 should equal (W1+W2) / tan 46
5.1m / 0.4244748 should equal 12.4m / 1.0355303
12.014847m should equal 11.97454m, which is the signal origin depth below the ground,
which is 12m down, with slight inequality of 0.040307m (about 4cm) due to only dealing in whole degrees
check this still works with the quaternary parallel line
23 degrees x 3 is 69 degrees for the angle to the fourth parallel
tan 69 degrees = 2.6050891 = W1+W2+W3 / signal origin depth
so 2.6050891 X 12m = 31.26m from primary to quaternary parallel line
which agrees with actual measurements of W1 = 5.1, W2 = 7.3 and W3 = 18.9
where W3 is only 0.04m (again, about 4cm) adrift
so all the maths works, confirming we have a genuine example of an energy emission ley-line.
By Martin Straw 27th March 2009.
Updated by Martin Straw:
1st May 2009
5th May 2009
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A little over 50 years old, former rescue archaeologist with the Oxford Unit headed by Tom Hassal, dowser, can handle physics formulae and planetarium software, feel affinity with pagans and witches without any negative feelings for modern religions, know some Anglo-Saxon - ich witten aenglisc getheodu - found that each site has its own personality and size of area of influence. Love it when science proves an emotive theory to be true.
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